NSFSaTC-BSF: TWC: Small: Practical Plausibly Deniable Encryption through Low-Level Storage Device Behavior

NSFSaTC-BSF：TWC：小：通过低级存储设备行为实现实用的合理可否认加密

• 批准号: 1526707
• 负责人: Radu Sion
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1526707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSFSaTC; BSF; TWC; Small; Practical

Plausibly deniable encryption is the ability to hide that given data is on a device, whether the ability exists to decrypt it, or even that the data exists. Plausible deniability is a powerful property to protect data on devices the user has lost physical control over, such as protecting consumers from accidental mass disclosures of private data through misplaced devices. This issue is of particular concern for anyone who travels internationally with sensitive data, including human rights workers, diplomats, military personnel, or even business travelers. This project leverages low-level characteristics of flash and other emergent persistent memories to hide data with plausible deniability, improving performance and capacity over the state of the art. This project investigates a unique opportunity to implement plausibly deniable encryption using the underlying electrical properties of flash memory. The promising property of flash is that the same hardware cell can encode data in multiple ways, and adjust the encoding dynamically. This project integrates this encoding mechanism with data hiding: as long as the encoding follows an expected voltage distribution, an adversary cannot discern the precise encoding technique or how much data is encoded. This project also investigates firmware-level techniques to manage hidden data; extends these techniques to emerging persistent memories, such as phase change memory; and augments widely-used flash simulators. This project develops novel teaching materials for low-level flash programming.

看似可否认的加密是隐藏设备上给定数据的能力，无论是否存在解密它的能力，甚至数据是否存在。合理的否认性是一种强大的属性，可以保护用户失去物理控制的设备上的数据，例如保护消费者免受通过错误放置的设备意外大规模泄露私人数据的影响。对于任何携带敏感数据出国旅行的人来说，这个问题尤其令人担忧，包括人权工作者、外交官、军事人员，甚至商务旅行者。该项目利用闪存和其他紧急持久存储器的低级特性，以合理的推诿方式隐藏数据，从而提高性能和容量，超越现有技术。该项目研究了利用闪存的底层电气特性来实现看似可否认的加密的独特机会。闪存的一个有前途的特性是同一个硬件单元可以以多种方式编码数据，并动态调整编码。该项目将这种编码机制与数据隐藏相结合：只要编码遵循预期的电压分布，对手就无法辨别精确的编码技术或编码了多少数据。该项目还研究了管理隐藏数据的固件级技术；将这些技术扩展到新兴的持久存储器，例如相变存储器；并增强了广泛使用的闪存模拟器。该项目开发了低级闪存编程的新颖教材。