OCE-PRF Track 2 (International) - Plasticity of Inorganic Carbon Use in Marine Calcifying Macroalgae Across a Latitudinal Gradient and Consequences of Global Change

OCE-PRF Track 2（国际）-跨纬度梯度的海洋钙化大型藻类中无机碳使用的可塑性以及全球变化的后果

• 批准号: 1521610
• 金额: $ 19.4万
• 依托单位: Hofmann Laurie C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1521610&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCE; PRF; Track; International; Plasticity

Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are calcifying algae that are important to coastal stability, beach formation, and coral reef structure. There is growing concern that these organisms are sensitive to global climate change, which will have important consequences for coastal and reef stability. Despite their significance and sensitivity, their basic photosynthetic and calcification mechanisms are not well understood. In this project, the fellow will establish a better understanding of these mechanisms by studying CCA specimens along a latitudinal gradient in the Northeast Atlantic. The research will be conducted at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen, Germany within the Microsensor Research Group led by Dr. Dirk de Beer. The activities and results of this project will be shared on a Blog and Facebook page to enhance public awareness of the project. Furthermore, the fellow will facilitate development of a Virtual CCA Research Group to foster communication among scientists world-wide working with CCA which will elevate the impacts of this project to a global scale. Both field sampling and laboratory experiments are used to pursue the goals of the project, which are: 1) to determine the environmental factors influencing the stable carbon isotope signatures of Lithothamnion spp. along a latitudinal gradient, 2) to determine the plasticity of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) uptake mechanisms in response to light and temperature and 3) to determine how photosynthesis and calcification are linked to DIC uptake mechanisms. The latitudinal gradient consists of eight sampling locations in the North Atlantic from Svalbard to Cape Verde in the east and from Florida to the Caribbean in the west. The stable carbon isotope signatures of collected samples are measured to determine the plasticity of DIC uptake along the latitudinal gradient in relation to environmental conditions measured at long-term monitoring stations. In the lab, microsensors are used to measure pH, oxygen and calcium fluxes within the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) at the surface of the algae. Because DIC uptake depends heavily on the DBL, microsensors provide a unique method for determining the effects of temperature and light on photosynthesis and calcification within the microenvironment at the interface between the external seawater and the algal surface. Successful completion of the project will provide the first study on latitudinal patterns and the flexibility of DIC uptake mechanisms in a calcifying macroalga and will improve the scientific knowledge of the relationship between DIC uptake, photosynthesis and calcification under changing environmental conditions and across biogeographical ranges.

地壳珊瑚藻（CCA）是钙化的藻类，这些藻类对沿海稳定性，海滩形成和珊瑚礁结构很重要。人们越来越担心这些生物对全球气候变化敏感，这将对沿海和珊瑚礁的稳定产生重要影响。尽管它们的意义和敏感性，但它们的基本光合作用和钙化机制尚未得到很好的了解。在这个项目中，该研究员将通过研究东北大西洋的纬度梯度沿着CCA标本来更好地理解这些机制。该研究将在德国不来梅的Max Planck海洋微生物学院在由Dirk de Beer博士领导的微型传感器研究小组内。该项目的活动和结果将在博客和Facebook页面上共享，以提高公众对项目的认识。此外，该研究员将促进一个虚拟CCA研究小组的发展，以促进与CCA合作的科学家之间的沟通，这将使该项目的影响提高到全球范围。现场采样和实验室实验都用于追求项目的目标，即：1）确定影响Lithothamnion SPP稳定的碳同位素特征的环境因素。沿纬度梯度，2）确定响应光和温度的溶解无机碳（DIC）摄取机制的可塑性，以及3）确定如何将光合作用和钙化与DIC摄取机制有关。纬度梯度由北大西洋的八个采样地点组成，从斯瓦尔巴德到东部的佛得角，从佛罗里达到西部的加勒比海。测量收集样品的稳定碳同位素特征，以确定与长期监测站测量的环境条件有关的沿纬度梯度沿纬度梯度的可塑性。在实验室中，微传感器用于测量藻类表面扩散边界层（DBL）内的pH，氧和钙通量。由于DIC的摄取在很大程度上取决于DBL，因此微传感器提供了一种独特的方法，可以确定温度和光对外部海水和藻类表面之间微环境内光合作用和钙化的影响。该项目的成功完成将提供有关纬度模式的首次研究，以及在钙化宏观中的DIC吸收机制的灵活性，并将在不断变化的环境条件和整个生物学范围内在不断变化的环境条件下，改善DIC吸收，光合作用和钙化之间关系的科学知识。