Collaborative Research: Establishing a Novel Geophysical Monitoring Scheme for Delineating In Situ Carbonation Processes in Ultramafic Complexes

合作研究：建立一种新的地球物理监测方案来描绘超镁铁杂岩中的原位碳化过程

• 批准号: 1520202
• 负责人: James Kinsey
• 金额: $ 6万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1520202&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Establishing; Novel; Geophysical

This project investigates natural carbon sequestration processes in geologic formations using geophysical methods. At the largest scale, this approach will ultimately assess future geological applications for atmospheric CO2 monitoring and mitigation efforts. The research seeks to establish a novel, field-based, high-resolution monitoring technique for how carbon sequestration takes place through natural carbonation processes. They use magnetics and gravity measurements acquired by state-of-art sensors in the field. The survey site is located within Atlin ophiolite, British Columbia, Canada,where previous studies indicate exposure of the relevant rocks. Their approach allows the reseachers to directly observe the carbonation process and gain insight into this important scientific process as well as its impacts on the broader earth science community.Chemical processes occurring during the formation of Earth?s rock represents the largest single long-term sink in the global carbon cycle. One such process is peridotite carbonation, the chemical process in which gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) is solidified by the interaction of existing rock and water. Understanding peridotite carbonation is important for understanding a variety of Earth science processes, including the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere, hydrosphere (e.g., oceans, rivers, groundwater, etc) and Earth?s crust and interior, the habitability of microbial organisms hosted by this process, and the role that carbon (specifically amount and distribution) play in the evolution of Earth. Furthermore, the peridotite carbonation process serves as a permanent (i.e., stable and long-term) method for storing CO2 and has the potential to be one of the most efficient applications for geological CO2 sequestration. Thus peridotite carbonation may provide a viable method for the long-term storage of anthropogenic (man made) CO2. They test the hypothesis that observable changes in magnetics and gravity signals correspond to the magnetic and gravitational attraction of the rock that changes with variations in the naturally occurring carbon sequestration within the rock. Previously, this hypothesis has only been tested in the laboratory using small field samples; here they study this process directly in large field studies, where previous mapping indicated the exposure and clear spatial zonation in the field of mantle peridotite, serpentinite and listvenite (the end product of the carbonation process of mantle peridotite) that are separated by additional zones consisting of transitional assemblages comprising both adjacent end-member assemblages.

该项目利用地球物理方法研究地质构造中的自然碳封存过程。在最大范围内，这种方法最终将评估未来大气二氧化碳监测和缓解工作的地质应用。该研究旨在建立一种新颖的、基于现场的高分辨率监测技术，用于通过自然碳酸化过程进行碳封存。他们使用由现场最先进的传感器获得的磁力和重力测量结果。该调查地点位于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省阿特林蛇绿岩内，之前的研究表明相关岩石暴露在外。他们的方法使研究人员能够直接观察碳酸化过程，并深入了解这一重要的科学过程及其对更广泛的地球科学界的影响。地球岩石形成过程中发生的化学过程代表了最大的单一长期汇在全球碳循环中。 其中一个过程是橄榄岩碳化，这是一种化学过程，其中气态二氧化碳 (CO2) 通过现有岩石和水的相互作用而凝固。 了解橄榄岩碳化对于理解各种地球科学过程非常重要，包括大气、水圈（例如海洋、河流、地下水等）和地壳和内部之间的碳交换、微生物有机体的可居住性这个过程，以及碳（特别是数量和分布）在地球演化中发挥的作用。 此外，橄榄岩碳化过程作为一种永久（即稳定且长期）的二氧化碳封存方法，有可能成为地质二氧化碳封存最有效的应用之一。 因此，橄榄岩碳化作用可能为人类产生的二氧化碳的长期储存提供一种可行的方法。 他们测试了这样一个假设，即磁力和重力信号的可观察变化对应于岩石的磁力和重力吸引力，该吸引力随着岩石内自然发生的碳封存的变化而变化。 此前，这一假设仅在实验室中使用小现场样本进行了测试。在这里，他们直接在大型野外研究中研究了这一过程，之前的绘图表明了地幔橄榄岩、蛇纹岩和利斯特韦岩（地幔橄榄岩碳化过程的最终产物）领域的暴露和清晰的空间分带，这些区域被其他区域分隔开，这些区域包括：包括两个相邻端构件组合件的过渡组合件。