Characterization and Control of Structure, Energetics and Electrical Properties at Interfaces between Perovskite Active Layers and Charge-Collection Electrodes

钙钛矿活性层和电荷收集电极之间界面的结构、能量和电性能的表征和控制

• 批准号: 1506504
• 负责人: Neal Armstrong
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506504&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Characterization; Control; Structure; Energetics; Electrical

Nontechnical Description: This project focuses on the characterization and control of the interfaces formed between electrodes and new materials (perovskites) that have shown great promise as active layers in new solar cell platforms. Such platforms have potential as inexpensive, earth-abundant alternatives for production of electricity from sunlight. One of the key challenges in the development of new energy conversion platforms is the understanding and optimization of the transfer of electrical charges between the active layer material and the electrical contacts. This project develops new measurement approaches in order to understand the structure of the active layer near the electrical contact, and how this structure influences electrical properties that ultimately control energy conversion efficiency. The project also provides opportunities for training of graduate students at the University of Arizona and for undergraduate students from the AZ Science, Engineering, and Math Scholars (ASEMS) Program, which focuses on students from minority populations, low-income households, and families where the student is the first to attend college. The co-principal investigators also continue a partnership with Yavapai Community College in Prescott, Arizona - providing "gateway" research experiences for freshman and sophomores.Technical Description: This project focuses on the nanometer-scale characterization and control of physical, energetic and electrical property heterogeneity, across interfaces between metal halide perovskites, as well as hybrid active layer materials, and electrical contacts. These interfaces are model systems to explore charge collection or injection in emerging thin-film solar energy conversion platforms. The project includes: a) control of interface composition in prototype electrical contacts and charge selective interlayers, using self-assembled monolayers with terminal functional groups that "template" growth of perovskite active layers; b) characterization of valence band energies and energetic dispersion as a function of active layer structure via high-sensitivity UV-photoemission spectroscopies and high-resolution, angle-resolved X-ray photoemission; c) probing conduction band energies in the active layer and dispersion in band edge energies arising from compositional and structural heterogeneity, using waveguide-based spectroelectrochemical techniques; d) characterization of the electrical properties of contact/active layer heterojunctions at 10-100 nm length scales using conducting-tip atomic force microscopy to map heterogeneity in electrical properties. This fundamental study could reveal the charge transfer mechanisms and ultimately lead to efficient energy conversion in the emerging solar cell platforms.

非技术描述：该项目着重于对电极和新材料（Perovskites）之间形成的界面的表征和控制，这些界面在新的太阳能电池平台中表现出了很大的希望。这样的平台具有潜力，例如廉价，丰富的替代品来从阳光下生产电力。开发新能源转换平台的主要挑战之一是了解和优化活动层材料和电气接触之间电荷的传输。该项目开发了新的测量方法，以了解电气接触附近的活动层的结构，以及该结构如何影响最终控制能量转换效率的电气。该项目还为亚利桑那大学的研究生以及AZ科学，工程和数学学者（ASEMS）课程的本科生培训的机会提供了机会，该计划的重点是来自少数人口，低收入家庭和学生的家庭，以及学生是第一个上大学的学生。 The co-principal investigators also continue a partnership with Yavapai Community College in Prescott, Arizona - providing "gateway" research experiences for freshman and sophomores.Technical Description: This project focuses on the nanometer-scale characterization and control of physical, energetic and electrical property heterogeneity, across interfaces between metal halide perovskites, as well as hybrid active layer materials, and electrical contacts.这些接口是探索新兴薄膜太阳能转换平台中电荷收集或注入的模型系统。该项目包括：a）使用自组装的单层与末端官能团的自组装单层的原型电触点和电荷选择性层中的界面组成的控制，这些单层“模板”钙钛矿活性层的生长； b）通过高敏感性紫外线效能光谱和高分辨率，角度分辨的X射线光发射来表征价带能量和能量分散性作为活动层结构的函数； c）使用基于波导的光谱电基化学技术，在活性层中的传导带能量以及由组成和结构异质性产生的带缘能量的分散； d）使用传导尖端原子力显微镜在10-100 nm长度尺度上表征接触/活动层异质的电性能，以绘制电特性中的异质性。这项基本研究可以揭示电荷转移机制，并最终导致新兴太阳能电池平台中有效的能量转化。