An integrated photonic device in diamond to generate quantum entanglement, a computational resource for quantum information processing

金刚石中的集成光子器件可产生量子纠缠，这是一种用于量子信息处理的计算资源

• 批准号: 1506473
• 负责人: Kai-Mei Fu
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506473&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: integrated; photonic; device; diamond; generate

Abstract title: An integrated photonic device in diamond to generate quantum entanglement, a computational resource for quantum information processingAbstract:Nontechnial description:This project seeks to demonstrate a quantum device that is an essential building block in a quantum computing network. The device will generate entanglement, a computational resource, between two electron spins in diamond. The main challenge for generating entanglement between spins is performing the operation quickly compared to the entanglement lifetime. Prior experiments in diamond which utilized free-space optical components realized generation rates in the 10-100 millihertz regime. Here we seek to utilize integrated photonics to realize kilohertz rates. The materials platform contains an optical waveguiding layer built in the semiconductor gallium phosphide. This waveguiding layer connects quantum nodes composed of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. A third detetor layer, made from the superconducting material niobium nitride, is used to detect the photons emitted from the nitrogen-vacancy centers. Kilohertz entanglement rates in a scalable platform will enable the realization of large quantum networks. These networks can be utilized to solve computational problems which cannot be solved on a classical computer. Graduate and undergraduates involved in the research will be trained in the design, fabrication, and testing of cutting edge photonic and quantum device technologies. Additionally, a mobile, hands-on demonstration table, which presents fundamental concepts of materials science through diamond-based activities, will be developed and employed at the University of Washington and Seattle-wide science outreach events.Technical description:Atomic-like solid-state defects are attractive candidates for scalable quantum information processing due to the potential to integrate these defects into devices. However, the challenges associated with tuning the individual quantum properties of these defects, as well as the difficulty in controlling interactions between defects, has thus far prohibited the realization of a scalable defect-based quantum network. This works seeks to demonstrate a quantum device, an on-chip entanglement generation unit, that is expected to serve as an essential building block for such a network. A novel, hybrid photonic structure will be utilized that integrates gallium phosphide as an optical device layer with a diamond substrate which hosts the nitrogen-vacancy quantum information nodes. The device utilizes photon interference to generate entanglement, which requires control of the optical properties of individual nitrogen-vacancy centers. This control is provided by integrated electrodes compatible with the gallium phosphide layer. The gallium phosphide device layer enables efficient collection and routing of nitrogen-vacancy photons to waveguide-integrated superconducting detectors to achieve kilohertz electron entanglement rates.

摘要标题：一种用金刚石制成的集成光子器件，可产生量子纠缠，这是一种用于量子信息处理的计算资源摘要：非技术描述：该项目旨在演示一种量子器件，它是量子计算网络中的重要组成部分。该设备将在金刚石中的两个电子自旋之间产生纠缠，这是一种计算资源。在自旋之间产生纠缠的主要挑战是与纠缠寿命相比快速执行操作。先前利用自由空间光学元件进行的金刚石实验实现了 10-100 毫赫兹范围内的生成率。 在这里，我们寻求利用集成光子学来实现千赫兹速率。该材料平台包含内置于半导体磷化镓中的光波导层。该波导层连接由金刚石中的氮空位中心组成的量子节点。第三探测器层由超导材料氮化铌制成，用于探测从氮空位中心发射的光子。 可扩展平台中的千赫兹纠缠率将实现大型量子网络。这些网络可用于解决经典计算机无法解决的计算问题。参与该研究的研究生和本科生将接受尖端光子和量子器件技术的设计、制造和测试方面的培训。此外，将在华盛顿大学和西雅图范围内的科学推广活动中开发和使用一个移动的实践演示台，该演示台通过基于金刚石的活动展示材料科学的基本概念。由于将这些缺陷集成到设备中的潜力，状态缺陷是可扩展量子信息处理的有吸引力的候选者。然而，与调整这些缺陷的单个量子特性相关的挑战，以及控制缺陷之间相互作用的困难，迄今为止阻碍了基于缺陷的可扩展量子网络的实现。 这项工作旨在展示一种量子设备，一种片上纠缠生成单元，预计将成为此类网络的重要构建模块。将采用一种新颖的混合光子结构，将磷化镓作为光学器件层与承载氮空位量子信息节点的金刚石基板集成。该设备利用光子干涉来产生纠缠，这需要控制各个氮空位中心的光学特性。这种控制是由与磷化镓层兼容的集成电极提供的。磷化镓器件层能够有效收集氮空位光子并将其路由到波导集成超导探测器，以实现千赫兹电子纠缠率。