Donor Electron Spins in Direct Bandgap Semiconductors for Quantum Networks

用于量子网络的直接带隙半导体中的供体电子自旋

• 批准号: 1820614
• 负责人: Kai-Mei Fu
• 金额: $ 38万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1820614&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Donor; Electron; Spins; Direct; Bandgap

Quantum information networks are expected to enable breakthroughs in computation for optimization problems, encryption-breaking, and materials simulation, as well as realize fundamentally secure communication. Quantum defects in crystals have been shown to exhibit some of the characteristics needed to realize a scalable quantum network; however finding a system that simultaneously exhibits all of the requisite optical and quantum properties remains challenging. Based on promising preliminary results, single donor defects in zinc oxide (ZnO) may satisfy these criteria. This project is to demonstrate single ZnO donor creation and detection with complete control and characterization of the donor electron and nucleus. The goal is to determine the outlook of this system for scalable quantum information applications. In addition, the study of single donor impurities in ZnO may lead to new techniques for studying dopants in semiconductors and will train a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students in quantum optics and nanotechnology, preparing them for careers in national laboratories, industry, and academia.Defect-based quantum information processing is attractive due to the potential for device integration, the possibility of spin-photon transfer, and the long quantum coherence time in high-purity crystals. For defect systems with optical radiation, measurement-based protocols can be utilized to create quantum networks between non-interacting, remotely separated qubits. This project will investigate a defect system with favorable optical properties, i.e. the donor system in ZnO, which has homogeneous optical transitions and near-unity radiative efficiency in the zero phonon line. Prior studies in an ensemble of donors showed the potential for long coherence times of the donor system if isotopically purified ZnO crystal is available. Here, different techniques will be utilized to isolate single donors: growth of single ZnO nanowires with small diameters, and nano-scale masking or focused ion beam etching combined with epitaxial ZnO layers of low donor density. The isolation of single donors will be confirmed by a photon autocorrelation measurement. Optical pumping and microwave pulses for high-fidelity coherent control will be used to study the optical and spin (electron and nuclear) coherence properties of single ZnO donors, testing the suitability of this system as a qubit candidate. Due to the effective mass nature of the donor, it may be possible to generalize the quantum properties found in ZnO to the entire class of donors in direct band gap semiconductors, furthering the impact of this research.This project is jointly funded by the Quantum Information Science (QIS) Program in the Physics Division in the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, and the Condensed Matter Physics (CMP) Program in the Division of Materials Science in the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, and the Electronics, Photonics and Magnetic Devices (EPMD) Program in the Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems Division in the Engineering Directorate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子信息网络有望在计算中实现突破，以实现优化问题，破坏加密和材料模拟，并实现从根本上确保沟通。晶体中的量子缺陷已被证明显示出实现可伸缩量子网络所需的一些特征。但是，找到同时表现出所有必要的光学和量子性能的系统仍然具有挑战性。基于有希望的初步结果，氧化锌（ZnO）中的单个供体缺陷可能满足这些标准。该项目是通过完全控制和表征供体电子和核的单个ZnO供体创建和检测。目的是确定该系统的前景，以进行可扩展的量子信息应用程序。此外，对ZnO中的单个供体杂质的研究可能会导致新技术用于研究半导体中的掺杂剂，并将培训一组量子光学和纳米技术的一组毕业生和本科生，为它们做好准备，为基于国家实验室，工业和学会的潜在旋转的设备的潜在旋转，为它们做好了为他们的职业生涯做准备的高纯度晶体中的量子相干时间。对于具有光辐射的缺陷系统，可以利用基于测量的协议来在非相互作用，远程分离的Qubits之间创建量子网络。该项目将研究具有有利的光学特性的缺陷系统，即ZnO中的供体系统，该系统具有均匀的光学转变和零声子线中的接近辐射效率。如果有同位素纯化的ZnO晶体，则在供体集合中的先前研究表明，供体系统的长相干时间的潜力。在这里，将利用不同的技术来分离单个供体：具有小直径的单个ZnO纳米线的生长，以及纳米尺度遮罩或聚焦的离子束蚀刻，并结合了低供体密度的外延ZnO层。单个供体的隔离将通过光子自相关测量确认。用于高保真相干控制的光学抽水和微波脉冲将用于研究单个ZnO供体的光学和自旋（电子和核）相干性能，从而测试该系统作为Qubit候选者的适用性。 由于供体的有效质量性质，有可能将ZnO中的量子特性推广到直接带隙半导体中的整个捐助者，进一步进一步，进一步发展这项研究的影响。该项目由量子信息科学（QIS）计划共同资助，该项目在物理和物理科学的材料部门（comp）的材料部门（cmp）（CMP）副局（QIS）计划（QIS）计划（QIS）（QIS），该项目在数学和物理科学方面（CMP）（CMP）的秘密级别（CM）（CMP）的秘密分区（CMP）。数学和物理科学以及工程局电气，通信和网络系统部门的电子，光子学和磁性设备（EPMD）计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识绩效和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Optical spin control and coherence properties of acceptor bound holes in strained GaAs

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.103.115412
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: arXiv: Quantum Physics
• 作者: X. Linpeng;T. Karin;M. Durnev;M. Glazov;R. Schott;A. Wieck;A. Ludwig;K. Fu

Ensemble spin relaxation of shallow donor qubits in ZnO

ZnO 中浅施主量子位的系综自旋弛豫

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.105.195202
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Niaouris, Vasileios;Durnev, Mikhail V.;Linpeng, Xiayu;Viitaniemi, Maria L.;Zimmermann, Christian;Vishnuradhan, Aswin;Kozuka, Yusuke;Kawasaki, Masashi;Fu, Kai-Mei C.
• 通讯作者: Fu, Kai-Mei C.

Coherence Properties of Shallow Donor Qubits in ZnO

ZnO 中浅施主量子位的相干特性

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.10.064061
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Physical Review Applied
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Linpeng, Xiayu;Viitaniemi, Maria L.K.;Vishnuradhan, Aswin;Kozuka, Y.;Johnson, Cameron;Kawasaki, M.;Fu, Kai-Mei C.
• 通讯作者: Fu, Kai-Mei C.