Collaborative Research: The O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean (ORCAS) Study

合作研究：O2/N2 比率和二氧化碳机载南大洋 (ORCAS) 研究

• 批准号: 1502301
• 负责人: Ralph Keeling
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502301&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; O2; N2; Ratio

The Southern Ocean plays a dominant role in the oceanic uptake of excess (anthropogenic) carbon, yet the extent of this air-sea exchange process is poorly represented by earth system models, and its future projection remains highly uncertain. The O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study (ORCAS) seeks to advance understanding of the physical and biological controls on air-sea exchange and uptake of O2 and CO2 in the vast Southern Ocean. This will be investigated through intensive airborne surveys of atmospheric O2, CO2, related gases, their state of equilibrium, along with other ocean surface properties over diverse biogeochemical regions adjacent to the southern tip of South America and the Western Antarctic Peninsula. ORCAS will utilize the NSF Gulfstream V (GV) aircraft equipped with a suite of high-precision in situ and remote sensing instruments, on 14 flights over a period of 6 weeks in austral mid-summer, from Punta Arenas, Chile, out over the Drake Passage, and with concurrent overflights of the ARSV LM Gould sampling the Palmer LTER site. ORCAS observations will be guided by, and used to test a suite of ocean biogeochemistry models to improve our understanding of key processes and feedbacks in this under sampled yet climatically important region of the world.

南大洋在海洋吸收过量（人为）碳方面发挥着主导作用，但地球系统模型并不能充分体现这种海气交换过程的程度，其未来预测仍然高度不确定。 O2/N2 比率和 CO2 机载南大洋研究 (ORCAS) 旨在加深对广阔南大洋中海气交换以及 O2 和 CO2 吸收的物理和生物控制的了解。这将通过对大气中的氧气、二氧化碳、相关气体、它们的平衡状态以及邻近南美洲南端和南极半岛西部的不同生物地球化学区域的其他海洋表面特性进行密集的机载调查来进行调查。 ORCAS 将使用配备一套高精度现场和遥感仪器的 NSF 湾流 V (GV) 飞机，在南半球仲夏期间的 6 周内执行 14 次飞行，从智利蓬塔阿雷纳斯起飞，飞越德雷克海峡，并同时飞越 ARSV LM Gould 对帕尔默 LTER 站点进行采样。 ORCAS 观测将受一套海洋生物地球化学模型的指导并用于测试，以提高我们对世界上这个采样不足但气候重要地区的关键过程和反馈的理解。