BRAIN EAGER: "ECOSTIM-MR"-Novel Multimodal Approach for High-Resolution Brain Research

BRAIN EAGER：“ECOSTIM-MR”——用于高分辨率大脑研究的新型多模态方法

• 批准号: 1450960
• 负责人: W. Martin Usrey
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1450960&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BRAIN; EAGER; ECOSTIM; MR; Novel

A Novel Multimodal Approach for High-Resolution Brain ResearchThe objective of this research program is to develop a novel methodology and analytic strategy for simultaneous high-density intracranial electrophysiological recording, electrical brain stimulation, and optogenetic activation/deactivation during high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging, and to apply this integrated methodology to investigate neural mechanisms that mediate sensory processing and selective attention in macaque. The project will advance discovery and understanding while promoting teaching and training by involving graduate students and postdoctoral scholars in undergraduate research supervision related to the project. Because selective attention is a core cognitive process, elucidating attentional mechanisms close relatives to humans such as the macaque remains a high priority in efforts to understand, diagnose and treat psychiatric conditions that involve deficits in attention, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia. All of our conscious perceptions and cognitive actions depend critically on the neural computations performed by cortical circuits, the network of connections made by neurons in the cerebral cortex. Given the central importance of cortical circuits in mediating complex behavior, it is critical that we have the tools necessary to study these circuits during behavior. No single method of recording brain activity is yet able to characterize both the functional anatomy and rapid temporal changes in neuronal activity with both high spatial and temporal resolution. However, by the integration of different methods with either high temporal or high spatial resolution, this research will develop tools capable of providing a view of the time course and functional anatomy of brain circuits supporting behavior.

一种用于高分辨率大脑研究的新型多模式方法，该研究计划的目的是开发一种新型的方法论和分析策略，用于同时高密度的颅内电生理学记录，电脑刺激和光遗传学激活/流动性/在高野外功能磁共振成像过程中应用这种综合方法的方法，以将这种综合方法应用于MACA，以调查方法和方法进行了分化的方法。该项目将通过使研究生和博士后学者参与与该项目相关的本科研究监督，同时提高发现和理解。由于选择性注意是一个核心的认知过程，因此阐明了与人类（例如猕猴）的关注机制近亲在理解，诊断和治疗涉及注意力缺陷的精神病状况方面仍然是高度优先事项，例如注意力缺陷多症过度障碍（ADHD），自闭症，自闭症，强迫性障碍（OCD）和精神分裂症。我们的所有有意识的看法和认知动作都取决于皮质回路执行的神经计算，即神经元在大脑皮层中建立的连接网络。鉴于皮质回路在介导复杂行为中的核心重要性，至关重要的是，我们必须在行为过程中研究这些电路所需的工具。尚无单一记录脑活动的方法能够表征具有高空间和时间分辨率的神经元活性的功能解剖结构和快速的时间变化。但是，通过将不同方法与高空间分辨率的不同方法整合在一起，这项研究将开发能够提供有关支持行为的脑电路的时间过程和功能解剖结构的工具。