渴望及其对农村居民收入差距的影响研究

From the theoretical perspective, it is an important challenge for development economics to study and solve the problem of continuously widening income gap in the process of economic and social development.From the perspective of policy decision-making, how to effectively narrow the income gap is a major problem facing the government. Aspirations, as a key factor affecting the endogenous dynamics of individual behavior decision-making, has an important impact on the income gap of rural residents in the region.To this end, this project takes aspirations as the starting point and analyzes the concept of aspirations from economics, psychology and anthropology.From an interdisciplinary perspective, this project discusses the formation mechanism of aspirations, and constructs a theoretical analysis framework of the influence of aspirations on income gap.Combined with the micro-tracking data of the whole village, OLS, mediation effect model and fractional difference regression model were used to conduct empirical tests on the formation mechanism of aspirations and the influence of aspirations on income gap.Finally, according to the results of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, design the aspirations of the group of low aspirations to stimulate the program and reduce the regional income gap countermeasures and suggestions.

从理论视角看，研究解决经济社会发展过程中出现的收入差距持续扩大问题是发展经济学面临的重要挑战;从政策决策视角看，如何有效缩小收入差距问题是政府面临的重大难题。渴望作为影响个体行为决策内生动力的关键因素，对区域内农村居民收入差距具有重要影响。为此，本项目以渴望为出发点，从经济学、心理学和人类学对渴望的概念进行解析；从跨学科视角，探讨渴望的形成机理，并构建渴望影响收入差距的理论分析框架；结合整村微观追踪数据，采用OLS、中介效应模型、分位差回归模型对渴望形成机理和渴望对收入差距影响进行实证检验。最后，根据理论分析和实证分析的结果，设计低渴望群体的渴望激发和提升方案和缩小区域内部收入差距的对策建议。