Comparative Island Ecodynamics in the North Atlantic

北大西洋岛屿生态动力学比较

• 批准号: 1449616
• 负责人: George Hambrecht
• 金额: $ 53.63万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1449616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Island; Ecodynamics; North; Atlantic

The proposed project seeks to improve scientific understanding of the complex interactions of human governance, climate change, human environmental impact, and world system effects on the diverging fates of two closely related Scandinavian communities in Greenland and Iceland. While the Icelanders survived centuries of adverse climate, volcanic eruptions, large-scale soil erosion, epidemic disease, and harsh world-system economic impacts to develop a modern society now ranking high in international assessments of quality of life, their relatives in Norse Greenland suffered complete extinction by the mid-15th century CE. Why did one northern community achieve sustainability on the millennial scale, while its near neighbor underwent genuine social-environmental system (SES) collapse despite centuries of successful adaptation and what we now recognize as comparatively resilient economic management? How can the lessons of these thousand year cases of long term human ecodynamics and their radically different outcomes be more effectively understood and interpreted for the wider effort to mobilize the past to serve modern efforts to secure a genuinely sustainable future? What lessons of survival and extinction can be learned and taught for both local northern community heritage and for global education for sustainability? These questions are not only relevant to Norse in the 14th -15th centuries but have the potential to inform research that can provide insights into social decisions that are key to the long-term sustainability of human and environmental systems on earth. The project combines the data and expertise of history, human bioarchaeology, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, geoarchaeology, artifact distribution, stable isotopic analysis, geochronology, environmental modeling, and K-12 and college education professionals. It brings together teams of scientists, educators, and local residents from across the region and create genuinely transdisciplinary and genuinely transformative approaches to shared problems of human survival and sustainable adaptation in the north.

拟议的项目旨在提高对人类治理，气候变化，人类环境影响以及世界体系对格陵兰和冰岛两个密切相关的斯堪的纳维亚社区不同命运的影响的科学理解。尽管冰岛人幸存了几个世纪的不利气候，火山喷发，大规模的土壤侵蚀，流行病和苛刻的世界经济影响，以发展现代社会，如今，现代社会在国际生活质量评估中排名很高，但其诺斯格林陆地的亲戚在公元15世纪中叶遭受了完全的灭绝。一个北方社区为什么要在千禧一代实现可持续性，而其近邻居经历了真正的社会环境系统（SES），尽管成功适应了几个世纪，而我们现在认为是相对有弹性的经济管理？这千年的长期人类生态动力学及其在根本上不同的结果的经验教训如何被更有效地理解和解释，以动员过去的更广泛的努力，以服务于现代努力以确保真正可持续的未来？在当地的北方社区遗产和全球可持续性教育方面，可以学习和教授哪些生存和灭绝教训？ 这些问题不仅与14-15世纪的北欧相关，而且有可能为研究提供有关社会决策的研究，这是地球上人类和环境系统长期可持续性至关重要的社会决策。 该项目结合了历史的数据和专业知识，人类生物考古学，动物考古学，考古学，地理考古学，人工制品分布，稳定的同位素分析，地球人工学，环境建模以及K-12和大学教育专业人员。它汇集了整个地区的科学家，教育工作者和当地居民团队，并创建了真正的跨学科和真正变革的方法，以解决北部人类生存和可持续适应的共同问题。