Interactions of Biomolecules and Bacteria with Titanium at the Mineral Microbe Frontier

矿物微生物前沿生物分子和细菌与钛的相互作用

• 批准号: 1412373
• 负责人: Ann Valentine
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: Temple University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1412373&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interactions; Biomolecules; Bacteria; Titanium; Mineral

In this project funded by the Environmental Chemical Sciences Program of the Chemistry Division, Professor Ann Valentine of Temple University is studying how biological molecules and whole microorganisms bind to and dissolve titanium oxide surfaces. Titanium is one of the most abundant elements on earth, but its role in biology is, at best, obscure. Titanium oxides are the most prevalent form of titanium in the environment, but they are normally very inert. Iron-scavenging biomolecules unlock an activity that is otherwise disfavored: the release of large quantities of titanium ions into solution. This research is revealing the role of titanium in biology and, conversely, how biology impacts the environmental chemistry of titanium.This project focuses on the interactions of iron-scavenging siderophores and bacteria with titanium dioxide surfaces, and on the chemical consequences of those interactions. The "siderophore"-mediated mobilization of titanium ions from titanium dioxide is being characterized quantitatively. The oxide surface and materials properties before, after, and during dissolution is being probed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as well as microscopy and related techniques. Microbe/oxide and biomolecule/oxide interactions are being studied by using the bacterium Rhodococcus ruber GIN-1, which adheres avidly to titanium dioxide and incorporates titanium into its biomass. Titanium dioxide surface binding proteins are being identified and characterized, and their abundance and properties correlated to whole-organism phenomena. Titanium uptake is being quantified and intracellular titanium binding molecules isolated. Rhodocuccus ruber GIN-1 siderophores are being isolated and characterized. Research activities are integrated with a program to improve teaching and learning in introductory undergraduate chemistry at Temple University. Environmental bioinorganic chemistry is featured in chemistry outreach efforts. The broader impacts of this work include potential technological benefits from new strategies for anchoring organic molecules to titanium dioxide surfaces, and from the identification of the first native titanium-biomolecule complex and potentially a titanium enzyme.

在这个由化学部环境化学科学计划资助的项目中，坦普尔大学的安·瓦伦丁教授正在研究生物分子和整个微生物如何与氧化钛表面结合并溶解。钛是地球上最丰富的元素之一，但其在生物学中的作用充其量是晦涩的。 钛氧化物是环境中最普遍的钛形式，但通常非常惰性。铁扫除生物分子解锁了原本不受欢迎的活性：将大量钛离子释放到溶液中。这项研究揭示了钛在生物学中的作用，相反，生物学如何影响钛的环境化学。该项目侧重于铁扫描的铁载体和细菌与二氧化钛表面的相互作用，以及这些相互作用的化学后果。 “铁载体”介导的钛离子从二氧化钛介导的动员正在定量上表征。通过使用衰减的总反射率转换红外（ATR-FTIR）光谱以及显微镜和显微镜和相关技术来探测氧化物表面和材料特性。通过使用犀牛Ruber gin-1研究微生物/氧化物和生物分子/氧化物相互作用，该细菌呈Ruber ruber gin-1，该细菌狂热地粘附在二氧化钛上，并将钛掺入其生物量中。二氧化钛表面结合蛋白正在鉴定和表征，它们的丰度和特性与全有机现象相关。钛摄取正在被定量，细胞内钛的结合分子分离出来。 Rhodoccus ruber Gin-1铁载体正在分离和表征。研究活动与一项计划集成，以改善坦普尔大学入门本科化学的教学和学习。化学外展工作中介绍了环境生物无机化学。这项工作的更广泛影响包括将有机分子锚定在二氧化钛表面的新策略中的潜在技术益处，以及鉴定出第一个本地钛 - 生物分子复合物以及潜在的钛酶的鉴定。