DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Genetic Architecture of Covarying Traits

论文研究：共变性状的遗传结构

基本信息

批准号：
1406805
负责人：
Thomas Mitchell-Olds
金额：
$ 2.04万
依托单位：
Duke University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-01 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1406805&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Genetic Architecture Covarying

项目摘要

The capacity of organisms to respond to selective pressures on multiple traits is determined in part by the genetic covariances between those traits. This project will map regions of the genome associated with genetic variation in glucosinolate traits in a population of Boechera stricta, a model plant for evolutionary genetics. B. stricta makes several types of glucosinolates, compounds that defend the plant against insect herbivores. By mapping the regions of the genome that control glucosinolate profile in each type of plant tissue, the investigator will determine whether the same or different loci control glucosinolates throughout the plant. Then, using population data at these genomic regions, the amount of covariation in glucosinolate traits controlled by each locus will be determined. Knowing the genetic architecture of covarying traits is essential in predicting how those traits are able to respond to selection; if one gene controls multiple traits, evolutionary constraints are likely to be stronger than if trait correlations are caused by correlated selective pressures. Genetic covariances have been important to plant breeders, as well, as they may affect the response to artificial selection. Understanding the genetic basis of glucosinolate allocation, which is agriculturally relevant and affects cancer risk in humans, will lend insight into how breeding programs may affect crop plants. This grant will also support training of a young scientist in important genomic techniques and analyses, as well as outreach efforts in traditionally underperforming schools encouraging students, particularly girls, to pursue college and a career in the STEM fields.

生物体对多种性状的选择压力做出反应的能力部分取决于这些性状之间的遗传协方差。该项目将绘制与 Boechera stricta（进化遗传学模型植物）种群中芥子油苷性状遗传变异相关的基因组区域。 B. stricta 产生几种类型的芥子油苷，这些化合物可以保护植物免受食草昆虫的侵害。通过绘制控制每种植物组织中芥子油苷分布的基因组区域，研究人员将确定是否相同或不同的基因座控制整个植物中的芥子油苷。然后，使用这些基因组区域的群体数据，将确定由每个基因座控制的芥子油苷性状的共变量。了解共变性状的遗传结构对于预测这些性状如何响应选择至关重要；如果一个基因控制多个性状，那么进化约束可能比由相关选择压力引起的性状相关性更强。遗传协方差对于植物育种者也很重要，因为它们可能会影响对人工选择的反应。了解芥子油苷分配的遗传基础（这与农业相关并影响人类癌症风险）将有助于深入了解育种计划如何影响农作物。这笔赠款还将支持对年轻科学家进行重要的基因组技术和分析方面的培训，以及在传统上表现不佳的学校中开展外展工作，鼓励学生，特别是女孩，上大学并在 STEM 领域就业。