US-China Planning Visit: Increased Temperature, Ocean Acidification, and Cultural Eutrophication Effects on Phytoplankton Production and Trophic Transfer of Essential Fatty Acids

中美计划访问：气温升高、海洋酸化和文化富营养化对浮游植物生产和必需脂肪酸营养转移的影响

• 批准号: 1405356
• 负责人: Mark Wells
• 金额: $ 3.6万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1405356&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; China; Planning; Visit; Increased

PROJECT ABSTRACTOcean acidification, increasing temperature, and cultural eutrophication are measurable and increasing impacts resulting from human activities. All three of these stresses impact surface waters, where the photosynthesis of single-celled, plant-like organisms (phytoplankton) are depended upon to support marine food webs. This planning project aims to catalyze a research collaboration between US and Chinese researchers to study how the combined effect of these stresses alter the production of essential fatty acids by phytoplankton, and how these changes, in turn, affect the marine food web. The implications are profound because higher organisms, including humans, rely upon phytoplankton to produce these special compounds for our nutrition. The project will be led by Drs. Mark Wells, Lawrence Mayer, and Charles Trick (University of Maine), Dr. William Cochlan (San Francisco State University), and Dr. Robert Bidigare (University of Hawaii) for the US side. Our Chinese colleagues at the State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, are Drs. Kunshan Gao, Minhan Dai, Yunwei Dong, Pinghe Cai, and Binzhang Chen. The planning proposal will focus on using the combined chemical and ecosystem expertise of these participants along with state-of-the-art mesocosm facilities at the Dong Shan Marine Laboratory, Xiamen University to study how synergies among ocean acidification, increased temperature, and eutrophication affect the nutritional quality of the foundational food web.Overall, the purpose of this collaboration is to elicit how the combined effects of increasing temperature, ocean acidification and nutrient flux affect the production and trophic transfer of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and essential fatty acids (EFAs) from phytoplankton to zooplankton. The synergistic effects of these stresses will impact cell physiology as well as competitive success among phytoplankton species, both leading to alterations in the pool of available PUFAs and EFAs to zooplankton. In turn, zooplankton (and mixotrophy) feeding preferences will impact the trophic transfer efficiency of EFAs and the fecundity/growth of the grazers. The project members have a combined expertise spanning ocean chemistry, phytoplankton physiology, nutrient acquisition, lipid production and analysis, zooplankton physiology, and the operation of large-scale mesocosms. The objectives of the planning visit are: 1) to design an innovative experimental study using their new, world-class floating and shore-based mesocosm facilities, and 2) to collaboratively write joint research proposals for submission to the US and Chinese funding agencies. The collaboration will generate training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students and will develop innovative new approaches to the use of mesocosm technologies.

项目摘要酸性酸化，温度升高和文化富营养化是可以测量的，并且人类活动的影响增加。所有这三个压力都会影响地表水，即单细胞，类似植物的生物（浮游植物）的光合作用依赖于支持海洋食品网。该计划项目旨在促进美国和中国研究人员之间的研究合作，以研究这些应力的综合效果如何改变浮游植物的生产，以及这些变化如何影响这些变化，而这些变化又如何影响海洋食品网。这种含义是深远的，因为包括人类在内的较高的生物依靠浮游植物来生产这些特殊化合物为我们的营养。 该项目将由博士领导。马克·威尔斯（Mark Wells），劳伦斯·梅耶（Lawrence Mayer）和查尔斯·特里克（Charles Trick）（缅因州大学），威廉·科克兰（William Cochlan）博士（旧金山州立大学）和罗伯特·比迪加尔（Robert Bidigare）博士（夏威夷大学）为美国方面而言。我们在Xiamen University海洋环境科学国家主要实验室的中国同事是Drs。 Kunshan Gao，Minhan Dai，Yunwei Dong，Pinghe Cai和Binzhang Chen。 规划建议将着重于使用这些参与者的化学和生态系统专业知识以及最新的中室设施在东山海洋实验室（Xiamen University，Xiamen University）研究海洋酸化，温度升高和富营养化之间的协同作用如何影响这种基础食品的营养元素，从而影响了这种基础源的营养层面，从而影响了这种基础的元素，从而影响了综合水平，从而影响了综合的含量，从而有效地构成了综合效果。通量影响从浮游植物到浮游生物的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和必需脂肪酸（EFA）的产生和营养转移。这些压力的协同作用将影响浮游植物物种的细胞生理以及竞争成功，这两种都导致可用的PUFA和EFAS和EFAS的变化对浮游动物的变化。 反过来，浮游动物（和混合营养）的喂养偏好将影响EFA的营养转移效率和放牧者的繁殖力/生长。该项目成员具有跨越海洋化学，浮游植物生理学，营养获得，脂质生产和分析，浮游生物生理学以及大规模中验的运作的组合专业知识。计划访问的目标是：1）使用其新的，世界一流的浮动和基于海岸的中验设施设计创新的实验研究，以及2）合作编写联合研究建议，以提交美国和中国资助机构。该合作将为本科生和研究生创造培训机会，并将开发用于使用中科学技术的创新新方法。