Collaborative Research: Iron Regulation of the Food Quality of Phytoplankton In Acidified Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems

合作研究：酸化东部边界上升流系统中浮游植物食物质量的铁调节

• 批准号: 1130748
• 负责人: Mark Wells
• 金额: $ 17.81万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1130748&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Iron; Regulation; Food

Within the next century, Eastern Boundary Current upwelling systems, which are home to some of the major fisheries that support humans worldwide, are expected to undergo extreme acidification (pH falling to 7.3 or lower) because of increasing atmospheric CO2. Impacts on trace metal (especially iron) and nitrogen bioavailability are likely, and consequently changes in phytoplankton species composition and physiology are also to be expected. One understudied aspect of ocean acidification is its impact on the production of phytoplankton lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and other essential fatty acids (EFA) upon which higher trophic levels depend.In this project a research team from San Francisco State University, University of Hawaii, and University of Maine will study the effect of extreme ocean acidification (OA) under iron replete and deplete upwelling conditions in regard to changes in species composition, total lipid production, and the specific production of PUFAs. There are two guiding hypotheses: (1) Extreme ocean acidification will increase lipid synthesis and EFA production in phytoplankton through the imbalance between carbon uptake and decreased nitrogen uptake; and (2) Extreme ocean acidification in natural upwelling regions will change the amount and composition of PUFA and EFA produced due either the direct effects of acidified seawater on cell physiology or to marked shifts in phytoplankton community composition. Current Fe-replete and Fe-deplete upwelling zones in the California upwelling region will be investigated to illustrate these impacts. The team will use controlled laboratory monoclonal, semi-continuous culture experiments to subject representative coastal phytoplankton isolates to varying pH and Fe availability to characterize tolerance/success under extreme pH environmental conditions and to quantify cellular physiological response to the combined stressors. In the third year of the project, community-level responses to the same set of stressors will be studied.Broader Impacts: Because of the global importance of marine fisheries and the as-yet modest understanding of the potential threats of ocean acidification, the topic of this study spans a variety of disciplinary, institutional, academic-government, and national boundaries. Researchers at all three participating institution will lead a variety of public educational outreach activities for the benefit of K-12 students and for society at-large. Graduate and undergraduate students will also be an important part of the research effort.

在下一个世纪，由于大气二氧化碳的增加，东部边界当前的上升流系统预计将受到全世界一些支持人类的主要渔业的所在地（pH下降至7.3或更低）。 对痕量金属（尤其是铁）和氮生物利用度的影响可能是可能的，因此，还可以预期浮游植物物种组成和生理的变化。 海洋酸化的一个正在研究的方面是它对浮游植物脂质和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的影响，例如Eicososapentaenoic（EPA）（EPA）（EPA）和Docosahexaenoic（DHA）（DHA）（DHA）和其他基本脂肪酸（EFA）的较高的研究小组的研究。缅因州将研究物种组成，总脂质产生和PUFAS的特定产生，研究在铁的毛细血管和耗尽上升条件下极端海洋酸化（OA）的影响。 有两个指导假设：（1）极端海洋酸化将通过碳吸收和氮摄取减少之间的不平衡来增加浮游植物中脂质合成和EFA产生； （2）自然上升区域中的极端海洋酸化将改变酸化海水对细胞生理学的直接影响或浮游植物群落社区组成的明显变化而产生的PUFA和EFA的组成。 将研究加利福尼亚上升流域的当前FE恢复和FE Deplete上升区域，以说明这些影响。 该团队将使用受控的实验室单克隆，半连续培养实验来对主体代表性的沿海浮游植物分离株进行变化的pH和FE可用性，以表征在极端pH环境条件下的耐受性/成功，并量化细胞生理反应对合并压力因素的反应。 在项目的第三年中，将研究对同一套压力源的社区级别的反应。BOADER的影响：由于海洋渔业的全球重要性以及对海洋酸化潜在威胁的全球重要性，因此该研究的主题跨越了各种学科，机构，学术，学术政府和国家边界。 所有三个参与机构的研究人员都将领导各种公共教育外展活动，以使K-12学生和社会一般。 研究生和本科生也将是研究工作的重要组成部分。