ELT Collaborative Research: Beyond the Boring Billion: Late Proterozoic Glaciation, Oxygenation and the Proliferation of Complex Life

ELT 合作研究：超越无聊的十亿：晚元古代冰川作用、氧化和复杂生命的增殖

• 批准号: 1338299
• 负责人: Timothy Lyons
• 金额: $ 44.55万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1338299&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ELT; Collaborative; Research; Beyond; Boring

ELT Collaborative Research: Beyond the Boring Billion: Late Proterozoic Glaciation, Oxygenation and the Proliferation of Complex LifebyTimothy Lyons, Univ. California, Riverside, EAR-1338299Nicholas Planavsky, Dartmouth College, EAR-1338208Christopher Reinhard, Georgia Tech, EAR-1338290ABSTRACTThe middle chapters in Earth's history, roughly 1.8 to 0.8 billion years ago, were defined by remarkable stability in generally low but persistent oxygen levels in the ocean and atmosphere and stifled development of early organisms for a billion years. How and when this cycle was broken are among the central unanswered questions in the history of life on Earth. The eventual rise to higher oxygen levels and ultimately the appearance of animals correspond generally with history's most extreme climatic events and mountain building episodes, and the timing and cause-and-effect relationships among all these events and processes are frontiers ripe for study. To this end, we will construct an unusually comprehensive chemical data set for rocks from Australia and Arctic Canada deposited directly within the transition between the stable 'boring' billion and the major milestones that followed. The onset of global-scale glaciation 0.7 to 0.8 billion years ago is without question one of the most dramatic environmental transitions in Earth history, and the generally synchronous radiation of eukaryotic organisms, with greater complexity than their microbial ancestors, and the emergence of animals are among the most remarkable evolutionary events in the long history of life. The proposed multidisciplinary team will illuminate the timing of these key events and their likely links to Earth's oxygenation, while probing the cause-and-effect relationships among biological innovation, oxygen, and the onset of global-scale glaciation. The study's full range of impacts will reach far beyond the intrinsic scientific merit, including high-level research opportunities for the diverse undergraduate populations at all three institutions. We will also reach out into the community through sponsorship of science fair projects and through many different contributions to the new Riverside STEM Academy, including organization of a lecture series that will bring prominent scientists and engineers into the school. The study also includes plans for collaborative mentoring of graduate students, including student exchanges, and is an important step in the early careers of two new professors.

ELT 合作研究：超越无聊的十亿：晚元古代冰川作用、氧化和复杂生命的增殖 作者：Timothy Lyons，大学加利福尼亚州河滨市，EAR-1338299尼古拉斯·普拉纳夫斯基，达特茅斯学院，EAR-1338208克里斯托弗·莱因哈德，佐治亚理工学院，EAR-1338290摘要地球历史的中间章节，大约 1.8 至 8 亿年前，是由普遍较低但持续的氧气水平的显着稳定性所定义的。海洋和大气层，并抑制了早期生物体的发育十亿年。这个循环如何以及何时被打破是地球生命史上悬而未决的核心问题之一。最终升高的氧气水平以及最终动物的出现通常与历史上最极端的气候事件和造山事件相对应，所有这些事件和过程之间的时间安排和因果关系是研究的成熟前沿。 为此，我们将为来自澳大利亚和加拿大北极地区的岩石构建一个异常全面的化学数据集，这些岩石直接沉积在稳定的“无聊”十亿和随后的主要里程碑之间的过渡期间。 0.7至8亿年前全球规模的冰川作用的爆发无疑是地球历史上最引人注目的环境转变之一，而比其微生物祖先更复杂的真核生物的普遍同步辐射以及动物的出现这是生命漫长历史中最引人注目的进化事件之一。拟议的多学科团队将阐明这些关键事件的发生时间及其与地球氧化的可能联系，同时探讨生物创新、氧气和全球范围冰川作用之间的因果关系。该研究的全方位影响将远远超出其内在的科学价值，包括为所有三个机构的不同本科生群体提供高水平的研究机会。 我们还将通过赞助科学博览会项目以及为新的河滨 STEM 学院做出许多不同的贡献来接触社区，包括组织一系列讲座，将杰出的科学家和工程师引入学校。 该研究还包括研究生合作指导计划，包括学生交流，是两位新教授早期职业生涯中的重要一步。