ELT Collaborative Research: Perturbation of the Marine Food Web and Extinction During the Oceanic Anoxic Event at the Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary

ELT 合作研究：塞诺曼阶/土伦阶边界海洋缺氧事件期间海洋食物网的扰动和灭绝

• 批准号: 1534474
• 负责人: Julio Sepulveda
• 金额: $ 11.62万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1534474&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ELT; Collaborative; Research; Perturbation; Marine

ELT Collaborative Research: Perturbation of the Marine Food Web andExtinction during the Oceanic Anoxic Event at the Cenomanian/TuronianBoundarybyTimothy Bralower, Penn State University, EAR-1338316Bradley Sageman, Northwestern University, EAR-1338312R. Mark Leckie, Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, EAR-1338317Julio Sepulveda, MIT, EAR-1338318ABSTRACTThe expansion of oxygen-deficient waters, known as hypoxia, is occurring seasonally in places such as the Gulf of Mexico as a result of warming and pollution. Hypoxia can affect all marine organisms through the loss of habitat, changes in predator-prey dynamics, and availability of nutrients for primary production. Ocean acidification resulting from the input of anthropogenic CO2 is already impacting the ability of many organisms to grow shells. The geological record contains a series of natural experiments that allow us to address the biological response of the biota to ocean acidification and widespread oxygen deficiency. The Cenomanian-Turonian boundary (94 million years ago in the middle of the Cretaceous Period), a time interval marked by mass extinction, was also characterized by global oxygen deficiency and likely ocean acidification. Thus, the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary is an excellent ancient model for the impact of anthropogenic activities on marine ecosystems. A superb opportunity exits to explore the impact of oxygen deficiency and ocean acidification during the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in rock outcrops from the western and southern margins of the US Western Interior Seaway. In Utah, rocks contain original ammonite aragonite as well as remains of large marine reptiles. In Texas, British Petroleum has made available a unique core and exclusive access to outcrop sections. Back-hoeing of rock outcrops will unearth pristine fossil shells suitable for reconstruction of ancient environmental conditions using geological proxies, and coring will provide rocks that can be studied to determine changes that took place over centuries. The insight gained from the CTB can be applied to other intervals of biotic upheaval in Earth history and will help improve projections of the impacts of human activities, including hypoxia and ocean acidification, on modern ecosystems.

ELT合作研究：在宾夕法尼亚州立大学的Cenomanian/Turonianboundarybytimothy Bralower的海洋食品网络和延迟期间的海洋食品网络和延展性的ELT协作研究：EAR-1338316Bradley Sageman，西北大学，EAR-13338312R。马克·莱基（Mark Leckie），大学。马萨诸塞州，阿默斯特，EAR-1338317Julio sepulveda，麻省理工学院，EAR-1338318abtractrats在墨西哥湾的季节性发生季节性地发生季节性地发生季节性的缺氧水的扩张，这是季节性的。 缺氧可以通过栖息地的丧失，捕食者 - 捕食动力学的变化以及养分的可用性来影响所有海洋生物。人为二氧化碳输入产生的海洋酸化已经在影响许多生物生长壳的能力。 地质记录包含一系列自然实验，使我们能够解决生物群对海洋酸化和广泛缺氧的生物反应。 Cenomanian-turonian边界（在白垩纪中期的9400万年前），以质量灭绝为标志的时间间隔，也以全球氧缺乏症和可能的海洋酸化为特征。 因此，Cenomanian-Turonian边界是人为活动对海洋生态系统的影响的绝佳古老模型。 在美国西部内部海道的西部和南部边缘的岩石露头中，在cenomanian-turonian边界中，探索氧缺乏和海洋酸化的影响很高。 在犹他州，岩石中含有原始的氨矿石和大型海洋爬行动物的遗迹。 在德克萨斯州，英国石油已成为露头部分的独特核心和独家访问。 岩石露头的后垂鞋将发掘适合使用地质代理重建古代环境条件的原始化石壳，而加油将提供可以研究的岩石，以确定几个世纪以来发生的变化。从CTB中获得的见解可以应用于地球历史上生物动荡的其他间隔，并将有助于改善人类活动影响的预测，包括缺氧和海洋酸化对现代生态系统。