Understanding Annual to Decadal Variations in the Middle Atlantic Bight Cold Pool

了解大西洋中部湾冷池的年度到十年的变化

• 批准号: 1332666
• 负责人: Steven Lentz
• 金额: $ 59.97万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1332666&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Annual; Decadal; Variations; Middle

The Cold Pool is a band of cold bottom water over the middle and outer shelf that extends the length of the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) throughout the spring and summer. The Cold Pool is remnant winter water surrounded by water that is up to 10 C warmer. The processes that govern both the seasonal evolution and inter-annual variations in the Cold Pool have significant ecosystem-wide implications. A study of the Cold Pool is timely given growing concerns about the impact of global climate change on the MAB ecosystem, especially fisheries. The remnant winter water of the Cold Pool is capped in spring by the developing seasonal thermocline. The Cold Pool warms gradually over the spring and summer and is later destroyed in the fall by storms and surface cooling. Preliminary analyses indicate that the gradual warming of the Cold Pool varies spatially and temperature, size, and duration vary on inter-annual and decadal time scales. However, it is unclear what processes contribute to the seasonal warming and inter-annual variability. Historical physical data (1860s - present) and an extensive set of moored observations will be utilized to develop the first comprehensive climatology of the Cold Pool. This climatology, along with a 33 year numerical model hindcast and historical nutrient data will serve as tools to address questions regarding the processes driving warming, the characteristics of the variability, and the connections between physical variations and nutrient concentrations in the Cold Pool.Intellectual Merit: This project will provide the first comprehensive description of the seasonal evolution of the Cold Pool, including the processes contributing to the gradual summer warming. This will also add to our understanding of how vertical mixing and shelf-slope exchange modify water properties over the continental shelf. This project will also provide the first characterization of inter-annual to decadal variations in the temperature, spatial structure, and duration of the Cold Pool and the processes that contribute to those variations.Broader Impacts: There is growing evidence that climate changes impact the MAB ecosystem, including the stocks and spatial distribution of commercially important fish and benthic invertebrates. The Cold Pool plays a critical role in the structure of the MAB ecosystem. Therefore a clear understanding of how the Cold Pool responds to climate change is an important element in understanding the broader impacts on the MAB ecosystem. The physical analysis and data generated by the project will contribute to fisheries research and management. Results will be shared with scientists at the National Marine Fisheries Service with the goal of linking inter-annual to decadal variations in fish stocks and distributions to changes in the Cold Pool. The datasets resulting from this study will also be shared with the broad scientific community.

冷水池是中部和外架上的冷底水带，在整个春季和夏季中延伸了中大西洋湾（MAB）的长度。冷池是残留的冬季水，周围是温暖10℃的水。控制季节性演变和冷池际变化的过程都具有显着的生态系统范围的含义。人们对全球气候变化对MAB生态系统的影响，尤其是渔业的影响越来越及时，对冷水池进行了及时的研究。发育中的季节性热跃层在春季限制了冷水池的残留冬季水。冷池在春季和夏季逐渐变暖，后来在秋天被暴风雨和表面冷却摧毁。初步分析表明，冷池的逐渐变暖在空间上变化，温度，大小和持续时间在年际和十年时间尺度上有所不同。但是，目前尚不清楚哪些过程有助于季节性变暖和年际变化。历史物理数据（1860年代 - 现在）和一组广泛的系泊观察将被用来开发冷池的首个全面气候。这种气候学，以及33年的数值模型后广播和历史营养数据将作为解决有关驱动变暖的过程的问题，可变性的特征以及寒冷池中的物理变化和营养浓度之间的联系。启动性优点。这也将增加我们对垂直混合和架子 - 斜坡交换如何修改大陆架上的水性质的理解。该项目还将提供对温度，空间结构和冷池持续时间以及对这些变化的过程的初次表征到十年的变化。公民的影响：越来越多的证据表明气候变化会影响MAB生态系统，包括库存的股票和弗朗西斯和骨膜上的股票和空间分布。冷池在mAb生态系统的结构中起着至关重要的作用。因此，清楚地了解冷池如何应对气候变化是理解对MAB生态系统的更广泛影响的重要因素。项目产生的物理分析和数据将有助于渔业研究和管理。结果将与国家海洋渔业服务处的科学家共享，目的是将年际与鱼类种群的衰老变化联系起来，并分布与冷池的变化联系起来。 这项研究产生的数据集也将与广泛的科学界共享。