Microphysics of ice particles at the polar summer mesopause (Microlce)

极地夏季中层顶冰粒的微观物理学（Microlce）

基本信息

批准号：
211492482
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas Leisner
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/211492482?language=en
关键词：
Microphysics ice particles polar summer

项目摘要

Mesospheric ice particle may nucleate in the polar summer mesopause at heights between 80–90 km and temperatures below ~150 K on nanometer sized meteoric smoke particles. Under favorable conditions, they are visible from ground as noctilucent clouds. These ice particles modify the charge state of the surrounding plasma and are therefore accompanied by radar echoes, known as polar mesosphere summer echoes. Both phenomena can be observed straightforwardly by remote sensing methods from the ground and thus are valuable probes for the otherwise elusive physical and dynamical processes at the mesopause. Changes in these signals are often used to infer long term climatic trends in this height region. Despite of this importance, we are lacking fundamental knowledge about the nucleation and growth processes of ice in the thermodynamic, chemical and electrical environment of the mesopause. Progress in this understanding would significantly enhance the descriptive and predictive capabilities of mesospheric models and thus our understanding of the role of the mesopause region in the climate system. Comprehensive laboratory experiments on these processes have become possible only recently with the establishment of a new experimental setup at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), which allows to study ice nucleation on nanoparticles under realistic mesospheric conditions on well characterized mineral nanoparticles. In close collaboration between the experimental group in Karlsruhe (T. L.) and the modeling team in Kühlungsborn (M. R.) we propose to study the nucleation and growth rates of ice on realistic nanoparticles composed of typical minerals as olivine and to implement the findings into mesospheric modeling. All model results will be validated versus observational results available at the IAP Kühlungsborn. Furthermore we want to determine the optical properties of the growing mineral/ice systems to allow for a direct comparison with remote sensing signals. A parallel project (ELOMA) proposed by groups from the University of Rostock and the IAP in Kühlungsborn will complement the scheduled research with respect to the electronic and optical properties of the meteoric smoke particles.

在极地夏季中，冰层可能会在80-90 km之间的高度核核核核核，而在纳米大小的陨石颗粒上的温度低于150 k的温度。在有利的条件下，它们可以从地面视为夜间云。这些冰颗粒会改变周围等离子体的电荷状态，因此伴随着雷达回声，称为极性中层夏季回声。可以直接观察到这两种现象，这是从地面上的遥远灵敏度方法观察到的，因此对于中间时期的原本弹性物理和动态过程是有价值的问题。这些信号的变化通常用于推断该高度区域中的长期晶体趋势。尽管具有这种重要性，但我们缺乏有关冰的成核和生长过程的基本知识，在中间的热力学，化学和电气环境中。这种理解的进展将显着增强中层模型的描述性和预测能力，从而使我们对中间区域在气候系统中的作用的理解。仅在Karlsruhe技术研究所（KIT）建立了新的实验设置，因此对这些过程进行了全面的实验室实验，该实验允许在现实的中层条件下对纳米颗粒上的冰核进行研究。在Karlsruhe（T。L.）的实验组与Kühlungsborn的建模团队（M. R.）之间的密切合作中，我们建议研究由典型矿物组成的典型矿物质的冰的成核和生长速率，作为奥利维因，并将发现实施到Mesopphere Modeling中。所有模型结果将得到验证与IAPKühlungsborn可用的观察结果。此外，我们希望确定不断增长的矿物/冰系统的光学特性，以与遥感信号进行直接比较。 Rostock大学和Kühlungsborn的IAP提出的一个并行项目（Eloma）将完成有关流星烟颗粒的电子和光学特性的预定研究。