AON: Observing the Evolving Central Arctic Ocean with Ice-Tethered Profilers

AON：用冰系剖面​​仪观察不断变化的北冰洋中部

• 批准号: 1303644
• 负责人: John Toole
• 金额: $ 367.66万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1303644&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AON; Observing; Evolving; Central; Arctic

This awards sustains sampling of the upper Arctic Ocean water properties through all seasons using Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) instruments. Studies conducted over the last decade indicate that the Arctic is both a sensitive indicator of climate change and an active driver of climate variability. As evidenced by the strikingly low summer sea ice extent estimates recorded since August 2007 and large anomalies in liquid fresh water content (manifested by upper-ocean salinity), significant changes in the Arctic appear to be underway now. It is critical that we continue to observe the Arctic during this time of rapid evolution to quantify the physical changes that are occurring, to better understand their causes, and to assess their impacts on the Arctic Ocean climate system. We will construct and deploy 6 ITP instrument systems annually throughout the Arctic Ocean to acquire, process and make the data from these instruments freely and immediately available to all interested parties to support science and operational activities via our project web site, the GTS and the Argo float program data assembly centers. Improvements to sensor design and added variables will be tested during deployments to increase the platform lifetime and expand the measurement suite on board the ITP. On-going partnerships with European and Japanese investigators employing the WHOI ITP and other similar instruments holds promise for continued broad spatial coverage of the Arctic. We will continue to use the ITP program to support outreach activities designed for both specialized and general audiences including giving briefings to teachers, science journalists, policy makers and operational groups, contributing to museum presentations, making school visits and continuing to evolve our project web site http://www.whoi.edu/itp .

该奖项使用冰系系剖面仪 (ITP) 仪器在所有季节对北冰洋上层水特性进行持续采样。过去十年进行的研究表明，北极既是气候变化的敏感指标，也是气候变化的积极驱动因素。自 2007 年 8 月以来记录的夏季海冰范围极低的估计值以及液态淡水含量的大幅异常（表现为上层海洋盐度）就证明了这一点，北极目前似乎正在发生重大变化。至关重要的是，我们在这个快速演变的时期继续观察北极，以量化正在发生的物理变化，更好地了解其原因，并评估其对北冰洋气候系统的影响。我们将每年在整个北冰洋建造和部署 6 个 ITP 仪器系统，以免费获取、处理这些仪器中的数据，并将其立即提供给所有感兴趣的各方，以通过我们的项目网站、GTS 和 Argo 支持科学和业务活动浮动程序数据组装中心。 传感器设计的改进和添加的变量将在部署期间进行测试，以延长平台寿命并扩展 ITP 上的测量套件。 与使用 WHOI ITP 和其他类似工具的欧洲和日本调查人员持续合作，有望继续对北极进行广泛的空间覆盖。我们将继续利用 ITP 计划来支持为专业受众和普通受众设计的外展活动，包括向教师、科学记者、政策制定者和运营小组提供简报、为博物馆演示做出贡献、进行学校参观以及继续发展我们的项目网站http://www.whoi.edu/itp。

项目成果

Preface to special issue Forum for Arctic Ocean Modeling and Observational Synthesis (FAMOS) 2: Beaufort Gyre phenomenon

北冰洋模拟与观测综合论坛 (FAMOS) 特刊第 2 期序言：波弗特环流现象

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015400
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Proshutinsky, A.;Krishfield, R.;Timmermans, M.‐L.
• 通讯作者: Timmermans, M.‐L.

Inorganic Carbon and p CO 2 Variability During Ice Formation in the Beaufort Gyre of the Canada Basin

加拿大盆地波弗特环流冰形成过程中无机碳和 p CO 2 的变化

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015109
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: DeGrandpre, Michael D.;Lai, Chun‐Ze;Timmermans, Mary‐Louise;Krishfield, Richard A.;Proshutinsky, Andrey;Torres, Daniel
• 通讯作者: Torres, Daniel

Analysis of the Beaufort Gyre Freshwater Content in 2003–2018

2003—2018年波弗特环流淡水含量分析

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015281
• 发表时间: 2019-12-01
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans
• 作者: A. Proshutinsky;R. Krishfield;J. Toole;M. Timmermans;W. Williams;S. Zimmermann;M. Yamamoto‐Kawai;T. Armitage;D. Dukhovskoy;E. Golubeva;G. Manucharyan;G. Platov;E. Watanabe;T. Kikuchi;S. Nishino;M. Itoh;Sung;Kyoung‐Ho Cho;K. Tateyama;Jing Zhao
• 通讯作者: Jing Zhao

100 Years of Progress in Ocean Observing Systems

海洋观测系统 100 年来的进步

• DOI: 10.1175/amsmonographs-d-18-0014.1
• 发表时间: 2019-01-01
• 期刊: Meteorological Monographs
• 作者: Russ E. Davis;Lynne D. Talley;D. Roemmich;W. Brechner Owens;D. Rudnick;J. Toole;R. Weller;M. Mcphaden;John A. Barth
• 通讯作者: John A. Barth

Polar Ocean Observations: A Critical Gap in the Observing System and Its Effect on Environmental Predictions From Hours to a Season

极地海洋观测：观测系统中的关键差距及其对从几小时到一个季节的环境预测的影响

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00429
• 发表时间: 2019-08-06
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Gregory C. Smith;R. Allard;M. Babin;Laurent Bertino;M. Chevallier;G. Corlett;Julia W. Crout;F. Davidson;B. Delille;S. Gille;D. Hebert;P. Hyder;J. Intrieri;José Lagunas;G. Larnicol;T. Kaminski;B. Kater;F. Kauker;C. Marec;M. Mazloff;E. Metzger;C. Mordy;A. O'carroll;S. Olsen;M. Phelps;P. Posey;P. Pr;i;i;E. Rehm;P. Reid;I. Rigor;S. S;ven;ven;M. Shupe;S. Swart;O. Smedstad;A. Solomon;A. Storto;P. Thibaut;J. Toole;K. Wood;Jiping Xie;Qinghua Yang
• 通讯作者: Qinghua Yang