GOALI: Spin-Transfer in Magnetic Nanostructures

目标：磁性纳米结构中的自旋转移

• 批准号: 1309202
• 负责人: Andrew Kent
• 金额: $ 47.5万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1309202&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Spin; Transfer; Magnetic; Nanostructures

****Technical Abstract****This NSF-GOALI project brings together leading researchers in nanomagnetism from New York University and IBM with the aim of furthering the understanding of the physics of spin-transfer and applications of spin-transfer to high performance devices. Spin-transfer is a mechanism by which a spin-polarized current can reverse the magnetic orientation of a nanomagnet and induce magnetic excitations such as spin-waves. This is an exciting development that will very likely enable dramatic improvements in magnetic information processing and storage. This is because spin-transfer offers a mechanism for rapidly reversing the magnetization of nanomagnets with large magnetic anisotropy that would otherwise require huge local magnetic fields -an achievement critical to increasing magnetic information storage density. However, as nanomagnets are reduced in size their magnetic moments become more susceptible to reversal due to random forces associated with thermal and electrical noise. An understanding of the effects of noise on spin-transfer driven magnetization dynamics is thus critical. This project will advance understanding of spin-transfer physics through experimental studies of individual nanomagnets excited by spin-currents, including a new research direction that will use spin-currents generated through excitation of ferromagnetic insulators. These experimental studies will be conducted in concert and guided by a theoretical analysis of noise-induced transitions in the presence of spin-transfer torques. The theoretical analysis will focus on new phenomena generated by the interaction of a nongradient deterministic dynamics with random forces. Graduate and undergraduate students involved in this collaboration will gain by interactions between academia and industry.****Non-Technical Abstract****This project brings together leading researchers from New York University and IBM with the aim of furthering the understanding and application of nanometer scale magnetic devices and materials. Magnetic nanostructures are widely used in technology with the most advanced applications found in information processing. This is a huge industry in the United States that is growing rapidly, with the ever-increasing worldwide demands for data processing and storage. It has been discovered that in miniature magnetic devices a direct electrical current can switch the direction of magnetization by a mechanism known as spin-transfer. This is an exciting development that may enable dramatic improvements in magnetic information processing and storage. There are important and fundamental questions about the nature of the interaction between the current and magnetization that this project will address through studies of individual magnetic nanostructures excited by spin-currents using unique high frequency measurement techniques. This research will be integrated with the training of young scientists in this forefront area of magnetism research. Participating graduate and undergraduate students will gain by interactions between academia and industry and through exchanges between NYU and IBM. Their education will be enriched through exposure to a variety of perspectives, expertise and techniques present in an industrial setting. High school students will also participate in this research.

****技术摘要****这个NSF-GOALI项目将纽约大学和IBM的纳米磁性研究人员汇集在一起​​，目的是进一步了解自旋转移的物理学以及Spin-Transfer对高性能设备的应用。自旋转移是一种机制，通过该机制，自旋偏振电流可以逆转纳米磁体的磁取向并诱导诸如自旋波之类的磁激发。这是一个令人兴奋的发展，很可能会在磁性信息处理和存储方面进行巨大改进。这是因为自旋转移提供了一种机制，可快速逆转具有大磁各向异性的纳米磁体的磁化，否则将需要巨大的局部磁场 - 这对于增加磁性信息存储密度至关重要。但是，由于与热噪声相关的随机力，随着纳米磁体的尺寸减小，它们的磁矩变得更容易逆转。因此，了解噪声对自旋转移驱动的磁化动力学的影响至关重要。该项目将通过对自旋电流激发的单个纳米磁体的实验研究来提高对自旋转移物理的了解，包括新的研究方向，该方向将使用通过激发铁电磁绝缘子产生的自旋电流。这些实验研究将共同​​进行，并在存在自旋转移扭矩的情况下对噪声诱导的过渡的理论分析进行指导。理论分析将集中于非质量确定性动力学与随机力的相互作用所产生的新现象。参与这项合作的研究生和本科生将通过学术界与行业之间的互动来获得。磁性纳米结构被广泛用于技术处理中最先进的应用程序。这是美国一个巨大的行业，正在迅速发展，全球对数据处理和存储的需求不断增加。已经发现，在微型磁性设备中，直流电流可以通过称为自旋转移的机理切换磁化方向。这是一个令人兴奋的发展，可以在磁性信息处理和存储方面进行巨大改进。关于电流和磁化之间相互作用的性质，该项目将通过对单个磁性纳米结构的研究来解决通过独特的高频测量技术激发的单个磁性纳米结构来解决的重要和基本问题。这项研究将与在磁性研究的最前沿的年轻科学家的培训相结合。参与的毕业生和本科生将通过学术界与行业之间的互动以及纽约大学和IBM之间的交流而获得收获。他们的教育将通过接触工业环境中的各种观点，专业知识和技术来丰富。高中生还将参加这项研究。