Hadron Structure Through Exclusive Reactions

通过独家反应的强子结构

• 批准号: 1306227
• 负责人: Tanja Horn
• 金额: $ 30.01万
• 依托单位: Catholic University of America
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1306227&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hadron; Structure; Through; Exclusive; Reactions

The fundamental goal of nuclear science is to understand all forms of nuclear matter, e.g., the origin and structure of the nucleus at core of the atom, and the nucleons and their quark and gluon constituents which account for nearly all of the mass of the visible universe. Over the last decade, hard exclusive reactions have emerged as a class of processes providing novel information on the parton (quark and gluon) distributions in hadrons - the particles sensitive to the strong force. Factorization theorems allow for expressing amplitudes in terms of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs), which are expected to provide a universal description of nucleon structure in both momentum and coordinate space. Experimentally, access to the transverse spatial structure relies on asymptotic freedom, allowing the hard interaction of the experimental probe with one parton to be unambiguously separated from the residual soft interaction of the struck parton with the rest of the hadron. In a kinematic regime where hard-soft factorization applies, exclusive measurements of a photon or meson originating from the struck parton can be used to create a tomographic image of the nucleon. This project plays an important role in these studies, specifically through the PI's exclusive photon and meson production experiments at Jefferson Lab, which will be essential for a reliable interpretation of the results from the GPD program at both 6 GeV and 12 GeV. Young scientists, graduate students, and undergraduate students play an integral part in this project, which provides them with opportunities to further their training and education. These will include the opportunity to gain experience in the design, assembly, and testing of modern instrumentation for the detection of radiation and subatomic particles, fast signal processing electronics, and scientific data analysis. Furthermore, learning to work in a large international scientific community will prepare young scientists and students for the modern work environment at academic institutions, national laboratories, and industry. The PI's research projects have contributed significantly to the education of graduate and undergraduate, and, over the past three years, ten high school students. She has considerable experience working with minority students, and by providing a female role model, she could encourage women to pursue advanced studies in physics.

核科学的基本目标是了解所有形式的核物质，例如原子核心的原子核的起源和结构，以及几乎解释了几乎所有可见宇宙质量的核子及其夸克和Gluon成分。在过去的十年中，一系列过程中出现了硬性独家反应，这些过程提供了有关黑龙（夸克和gluon）分布的新信息 - 对强力敏感的粒子。分解定理允许根据广义的Parton分布（GPD）表达幅度，这些分布（GPD）有望在动量和坐标空间中提供对核子结构的普遍描述。在实验上，进入横向空间结构取决于渐近自由，从而使实验探针与一个parton的硬相互作用与击中Parton的残留软相互作用明确分离，而Parton与BADRON的其余部分。在适用硬性分解的运动学状态中，可以使用源自击中的Parton的光子或介子的独家测量值来创建核子的层析成像图像。该项目在这些研究中起着重要的作用，特别是通过PI在Jefferson Lab的独家光子和介子生产实验，这对于可靠地解释了6 GPD计划的6 GPD和12 GEV的结果至关重要。年轻的科学家，研究生和本科生在该项目中起着不可或缺的作用，这为他们提供了进一步的培训和教育的机会。这些将包括获得在设计，组装和测试现代仪器以检测辐射和亚原子颗粒，快速信号处理电子和科学数据分析方面的经验的机会。此外，学会在一个大型国际科学界工作将为年轻的科学家和学生做好准备，以在学术机构，国家实验室和行业的现代工作环境中做好准备。 PI的研究项目为研究生和本科生的教育做出了重大贡献，在过去的三年中，有十名高中生。她拥有与少数族裔学生合作的丰富经验，并且通过提供女性榜样，她可以鼓励妇女从事物理学的高级研究。