CAREER: The Dynamics of Collective Intelligence

职业：集体智慧的动力

• 批准号: 1303350
• 负责人: Sanmay Das
• 金额: $ 28.77万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-11-01 至 2014-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1303350&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Dynamics; Collective; Intelligence

This project studies the design of information systems like wikis and information markets. Research in social science has established that often there is a "wisdom of the crowd" -- i.e., collectives can display more intelligence than the individuals they are composed of. When such collective information systems work, they serve as superb aggregators and disseminators of information. However, fundamental computational challenges remain in understanding how to design them optimally.This research is advancing along several lines, including(1) general theories of how information is aggregated in different social media, developed and validated using real data gathered from existing databases and generated from user experiments; (2) algorithms for facilitation of user interactions so that the medium in question can deliver the promised results (for example, market-making algorithms for liquidity provision in information markets);(3) theoretical and practical characterization of the possibilities for rogue users to manipulate collective wisdom systems;(4) algorithms for detecting malicious users, and mechanisms that thwart miscreants. The research is naturally interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from machine learning and probabilistic reasoning, data mining and social networks, as well as finance and economics. It contributes to our understanding of complex social phenomena like the growth of information in wikis and blogs, as well as to the development of intelligent reasoning algorithms for agents in complex, uncertain multi-agent environments like markets.The design of agents that participate in markets and social systems improves the quality of online markets and improves information flow in virtual spaces. Further, insights gained from modeling market structures and social spaces can tell us how to design them better. For example, understanding the impact of different levels of central control on wiki articles or open source software projects yields guidelines for how much central control is optimal in different settings.In a world where computation and social systems are increasingly intertwined, the PI's research and education program exposes students to multidisciplinary ideas through the introduction of a new class on collective intelligence, social networks and e-commerce, and the development and extensive use of the very objects of study -- information markets and wikis -- in classroom and lab settings. The PI is also developing an experimental project for putting freely accessible course wikis online, similar to online course materials at other universities, but open to editing by the community.

该项目研究了Wiki和信息市场等信息系统的设计。社会科学的研究确定，通常存在“人群的智慧” - 即集体比他们组成的个人更多的智慧。当这样的集体信息系统起作用时，它们是一流的聚合器和信息传播者。但是，基本的计算挑战在理解如何最佳设计方面仍然存在。这项研究正在沿着多个行进发展，包括（1）使用从现有数据库中收集并从用户实验中生成的真实数据开发和验证信息如何汇总信息的一般理论； （2）用于促进用户互动的算法，以便所讨论的媒介可以提供承诺的结果（例如，在信息市场中为流动性提供的营销算法）;（3）流氓用户对集体智慧系统的理论和实际表征进行理论和实际表征。这项研究本质上是自然的跨学科，从机器学习和概率推理，数据挖掘和社交网络以及财务和经济学中汲取灵感。它有助于我们对复杂的社会现象的理解，例如Wiki和博客中信息的增长，以及在复杂，不确定的多方面环境（例如市场）中为代理商的智能推理算法的发展。参与市场和社会系统的代理商的设计可改善在线市场质量，并改善虚拟空间中的信息流动。此外，从建模市场结构和社会空间中获得的见解可以告诉我们如何更好地设计它们。例如，了解不同级别的中央控制对Wiki文章或开源软件项目的影响会产生指导方针，以在不同的环境中越来越多地在不同的环境中进行最佳控制。 Wiki-在课堂和实验室设置中。 PI还正在开发一个实验项目，用于在线上自由访问的课程Wiki，类似于其他大学的在线课程材料，但可以接受社区的编辑。