Optical and Microwave Absorption Spectroscopy of Metal Containing Molecules

含金属分子的光学和微波吸收光谱

• 批准号: 1265885
• 负责人: Timothy Steimle
• 金额: $ 37.6万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-10-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1265885&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Optical; Microwave; Absorption; Spectroscopy; Metal

This award, funded by the Chemical Structure, Dynamics, and Mechanisms - A Program of the Division of Chemistry, enables Prof. Timothy C. Steimle of the Department of Chemistry, Arizona State University at Tempe to experimentally determine the most fundamental chemical behavior and properties of small metal containing molecules using new laser-based technologies. Two interrelated classes of molecules will be investigated: a) diatomic molecules containing heavy metal atoms of thorium, hafnium and ytterbium, and b) the triatomic molecules, Si3 and SiH2. Both classes of molecules exhibit vibrational and electronic motions that defy conventional theoretical description. Molecular magnetic and electric dipole moments, which are used in the proposed schemes to produce ultracold samples and are routinely predicted by theorists, will be experimentally measured from the analysis of Zeeman and Stark laser spectroscopy, respectively. The data is critical for proposed experiments that use heavy metal containing molecules (e.g. ThO, ThS and YbF) to test various extensions of the Standard Model through the detection of the electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM) and the anapole moment of nuclei. The laser-based studies of Si3 and SiH2 will investigate the mechanism of spin-orbit and other relativistic induced coupling between electronic and vibrational motions. In collaboration with theorists, new methodologies for addressing relativistic effects will be developed and assessed. All studies will be performed in the gas-phase, which is most compatible with new theories.Molecules containing elements near the end of the periodic table (e.g. Th, Hf, and Yb) are poorly understood and modeled compared to those at the beginning (C, O and H), yet are of great technological importance in, for example, catalysis, batteries or solar cells. Much of the unique properties of these molecules can be traced to the fact that the electrons forming the chemical bonds are accelerated to speeds approaching the speed of light. At these unusual speeds, relativistic effects become important which, in general, strengthen and shorten chemical bonds. Furthermore, it is predicted that under these relativistic conditions, here-to-fore unobserved phenomena become greatly enhanced. One such phenomenon is the interaction of the electron with the very large electric fields predicted to exist in the region of the nuclei. The data generated in this study are critical for sophisticated experiments designed to precisely measure these effects. A comparison of predicted and measured charge distribution of the electron is critical to the field of physics for validation of modern models for fundamental particles. Hence, the tiny metal containing molecules studied here are the laboratory for understanding new properties of matter, generating information typically obtained at large research facilities that possess particle accelerators, but at a small fraction of the cost.

该奖项由化学结构，动力学和机制资助 - 化学划分的计划，使坦佩（Tempe）化学系的蒂莫西·史蒂姆（Timothy C. Steimle）教授使用基于新的激光器的技术来实验确定含有小金属分子的最基本化学行为和最基本的化学性能。将研究两种相互关联的分子类别：a）含有thor，hafnium和ytterbium重金属原子的双原子分子，以及b）triatomic分子Si3和sih2。 两类分子均表现出振动和电子运动，反对常规理论描述。在拟议方案中用于产生超低样品并经常由理论家预测的分子磁和电偶极矩，将分别通过对Zeeman和Stark激光光谱的分析进行实验测量。 数据对于使用含有重金属分子（例如THO，THS和YBF）的提议实验至关重要，通过检测电子（EEDM）的电偶极力矩（EEDM）和核的Anapole矩来测试标准模型的各种扩展。 基于激光的SI3和SIH2研究将研究自旋轨道和电子和振动运动之间的其他相对论诱导的耦合的机理。 与理论家合作，将开发和评估解决相对论效应的新方法。 所有研究都将在气相中进行，该研究与新理论最兼容。与元素周期表结束接近的元素（例如Th，HF和YB）相比，与开头（C，O和H）相比，对周期表结束的元素（例如TH，HF和YB）的理解和建模很差（C，O和H），但在催化细胞中具有非常重要的技术重要性。 这些分子的许多独特特性可以追溯到形成化学键的电子被加速到接近光速的速度的事实。在这些异常的速度下，相对论效应变得重要，通常可以增强和缩短化学键。此外，可以预测，在这些相对论条件下，此前未观察到的现象得到了极大的增强。一种这种现象是电子与非常大的电场的相互作用，预计将存在于核区域中。本研究产生的数据对于精确衡量这些影响的复杂实验至关重要。对电子的预测电荷分布的比较对于物理领域至关重要，以验证现代模型的基本颗粒。因此，这里研究的含有小的金属是了解物质的新特性的实验室，该实验室通常在具有粒子加速器的大型研究设施中获得的信息，但成本的一小部分。