Closing The Surface Ocean CO2 Budget in The N Pacific Using Underway 13C/12C, pCO2, DIC and O2/Ar Measurements

使用正在进行的 13C/12C、pCO2、DIC 和 O2/Ar 测量来关闭北太平洋表层海洋二氧化碳预算

• 批准号: 1259055
• 负责人: Paul Quay
• 金额: $ 55.28万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1259055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Closing; Surface; Ocean; CO2; Budget

A fundamental question facing oceanographers is how the ocean carbon cycle will respond to future climate change and how this response will feed back on atmospheric CO2 levels, ocean acidification and climate. The response of the ocean carbon cycle to climate change will involve interactions between physical, biological and chemical processes. Yet for the most of the world ocean we do not understand well the links between these processes often because of a lack of observations. As a result, the magnitude or even direction of change expected for the ocean carbon cycle in the future is unclear. Furthermore, the lack of observations prevents us from validating carbon cycle models used to predict future changes in atmospheric and oceanic CO2 levels. The Ocean Carbon and Climate Change report (OCCC, 2004) specifically identified the North Pacific Ocean as a high priority region for focusing studies of the processes controlling ocean-atmosphere carbon fluxes. In this project, a research team at the University of Washington will take a novel approach to increase the observational data on the spatial and temporal variations of the surface ocean pCO2, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and 13C isotopic composition of CO2. They will use a new analytical technique, Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS), that allows for continuous measurement of the del13C and concentration of both dissolved CO2 gas and DIC. A container ship will be employed to make monthly underway measurements of pCO2, DIC and del13C along with O2/Ar, O2, pH, nitrate, chlorophyll and particles at 5-10 km resolution along a North Pacific transect from Hong Kong to Long Beach, California, in particular in the Transition Zone separating the subtropical and subarctic regimes where oceanic CO2 uptake rates are 5-20x higher than the global average. They will use the underway measurements of pCO2, DIC, del13C and O2/Ar to close the surface CO2 budget in the North Pacific and quantify the impact of sea surface temperature changes, organic carbon export and physical transport of DIC on the air-sea CO2 flux over an annual cycle. Broader Impacts. The proposed application of multiple analytical methods to continuously measure air-sea CO2 flux, biological productivity, DIC and 13C using a container ship sampling platform is innovative and potentially will result in data that could significantly benefit the broader ocean communities involved in carbon cycle modeling and remote sensing. The project is expected to significantly help improve predictions of future climate change. Research results will be incorporated into both undergraduate and graduate course curricula, and there will be active graduate and undergraduate student participation. Project results will be incorporated into existing outreach talks using faculty and graduate students in the School of Oceanography coordinated through the Program on Climate Change at the University of Washington.

海洋学家面临的一个基本问题是，海洋碳循环将如何应对未来的气候变化，以及这种反应如何以大气中的二氧化碳水平，海洋酸化和气候反馈。海洋碳循环对气候变化的反应将涉及物理，生物学和化学过程之间的相互作用。然而，对于世界上的大多数海洋，我们不太了解这些过程之间的联系，因为缺乏观察结果。结果，未来海洋碳循环期望的变化的大小甚至方向尚不清楚。此外，缺乏观察结果使我们无法验证用于预测大气和海洋二氧化碳水平的未来变化的碳循环模型。 海洋碳和气候变化报告（OCCC，2004年）专门将北太平洋视为高优先区域，用于重点研究控制海洋 - 大气碳通量的过程。在该项目中，华盛顿大学的一个研究团队将采用一种新颖的方法来增加有关表面海洋PCO2，溶解的无机碳（DIC）和13C CO2同位素组成的空间和时间变化的观察数据。 他们将使用一种新的分析技术，即腔环向下光谱（CRD），该技术可以连续测量DEL13C以及溶解的CO2气体和DIC的浓度。 将使用集装箱船对PCO2，DIC和DEL13C进行每月进行测量，以及O2/AR，O2，PH，pH，硝酸盐，硝酸盐，叶绿素和颗粒，沿北太平洋沿北太平洋的分辨率为5-10公里全球平均水平。 他们将使用PCO2，DIC，DEL13C和O2/AR的进行测量，以关闭北太平洋中的表面CO2预算，并量化海面温度变化，有机碳出口和DIC对Air-SEA CO2 GY的影响。更广泛的影响。 提出的多种分析方法使用容器船采样平台不断地测量空气二氧化碳通量，生物生产力，DIC和13C是创新的，并且有可能导致数据可显着使碳循环建模和遥感涉及的更广泛的海洋社区有益于广泛的海洋社区。预计该项目将有助于改善对未来气候变化的预测。研究结果将纳入本科和研究生课程，并将有积极的毕业生和本科生参与。 项目结果将通过华盛顿大学的气候变化计划协调的海洋学的教师和研究生将项目结果纳入现有的外展会谈中。