RSG: The evolution of vibrational communication in island endemics: function, fitness implications, ontogeny, and phylogeny of seismic signaling in the New Zealand Deinacrida

RSG：岛屿特有种振动通讯的演变：新西兰Deinacrida地震信号的功能、适应性影响、个体发育和系统发育

• 批准号: 1237606
• 负责人: Daniel Howard
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Augustana University Association
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1237606&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RSG; evolution; vibrational; communication; island

Understanding the functional mechanisms and evolutionary origins of animal communication through substrate borne vibration is an important problem in behavioral ecology. The availability of technologies such as portable laser Doppler vibrometers, highly sensitive piezoelectric films and transducers, and portable neurophysiology preparations allow investigators to address a broad array of questions associated with vibrational communication. This research tests hypotheses regarding the form, function, fitness implications, ontogeny, and phylogeny of vibrational communication among the extant New Zealand Deinacrida. This work addresses the following questions with respect to each of the eleven species of New Zealand giant weta: 1) Does the species produce vibrational signals for the purpose of intraspecific communication, and if so what are the spectral and temporal characteristics of the signals? 2) What is the neurophysiological range of response to seismic stimuli in the species? 3) Under what social contexts are the signals produced, and does signal character change with context? 4) What are the fitness related implications for vibrational signaling in the species (assessment benefits in inter male contests, female assessment of mate condition)? 5) How does the use of vibration change over the course of development in the species (predator avoidance to reproductive function)? 6) How do the form and function of vibrational signals compare between species? , and 7) Is there a relationship between vibrational signaling and ecological niche? In the last two decades there has been a growing interest in understanding the functional mechanisms and evolutionary origins of animal communication. New technologies such as portable laser Doppler vibrometers allow investigators to address a broad array of questions associated with vibrational communication in insects. This work will improve understanding of the selective pressures and evolutionary patterns that have resulted in the prevalence of vibrational signaling for communication. Using laser Doppler vibrometry in the field, extracellular electrophysiology in the laboratory, together with sound and high-speed video analysis of the New Zealand giant weta, key hypotheses in vibrative communication will be tested. Data collection and analysis will be performed by undergraduate research students from Augustana College and by students of Maori descent enrolled at Victoria University of Wellington.

了解通过底物传播振动的动物交流的功能机制和进化起源是行为生态学中的重要问题。诸如便携式激光多普勒振动仪，高度敏感的压电膜和传感器以及便携式神经生理学准备诸如诸如可移植激光多普勒振动仪的技术的可用性，使研究人员能够解决与振动通信相关的广泛问题。这项研究检验了有关现存的新西兰Deinacrida中振动通信的形式，功能，适应性，本体发育和系统发育的假设。这项工作解决了以下关于新西兰巨型weta的11种的问题：1）该物种是否会产生振动信号出于种内交流的目的，如果是的，信号的频谱和时间特征是什么？ 2）该物种对地震刺激的反应的神经生理范围是什么？ 3）在产生哪些社会环境下，信号字符会随上下文而变化吗？ 4）对物种中振动信号传导的适应性与适应性有关（男性竞赛中的评估益处，女性评估伴侣状况）？ 5）在物种的发育过程中，振动的使用如何变化（避免生殖功能的捕食者）？ 6）振动信号的形式和功能如何比较物种之间的比较？ ，以及7）振动信号传导与生态利基之间是否存在关系？在过去的二十年中，人们对了解动物交流的功能机制和进化起源的兴趣越来越大。便携式激光多普勒振动仪等新技术使研究人员能够解决与昆虫振动通信相关的广泛问题。这项工作将提高对选择性压力和进化模式的理解，从而导致通信振动信号的流行。在现场使用激光多普勒振动法，实验室中的细胞外电生理学以及新西兰巨头WETA的声音和高速视频分析将测试振动通信中的关键假设。数据收集和分析将由奥古斯塔纳学院的本科生研究专业的学生和惠灵顿维多利亚大学的毛利血统的学生进行。