AGS-PRF: Improved Model Representations of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol Formation for Prediction of its Impacts on Air Quality and Climate

AGS-PRF：生物质燃烧有机气溶胶形成的改进模型表示，用于预测其对空气质量和气候的影响

• 批准号: 1231128
• 负责人: Lindsay Hatch
• 金额: $ 17.2万
• 依托单位: Hatch Lindsay
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1231128&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AGS; PRF; Improved; Model; Representations

The aim of this research is to (1) leverage collaborative measurements of biomass burning (BB) emissions and chemistry to better understand the essential compounds and processes contributing to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in smoke plumes, and (2) develop an SOA model framework to improve predictions of organic aerosol formation and transport in fire-influenced regions. In this study, detailed chemical analyses of SOA precursors in fire emissions and their reaction products will be conducted at the US Forest Service Fire Science Laboratory using two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC/TOFMS) during the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-IV). GCxGC analyses, augmented by complementary gas- and particle-phase measurements from the FLAME-IV campaign, will be used to develop a process-level model describing SOA formation, including the contribution of components evaporating from primary particles during plume dilution. The SOA module will be subsequently integrated into a comprehensive smoke plume model that includes calculations of aerosol water uptake and optical properties, thereby allowing improved assessments of fire-induced radiative forcing, as well as predictions of BB pollutant formation and transport for assessment of air quality downwind of fires. The work will be conducted under the mentorship of Prof. Kelley Barsanti at Portland State University (PSU).Potential broader impacts of several kinds are associated with this research. The FLAME-IV campaign will bring together researchers and their associated instrumentation from ten other institutions, creating new partnerships and datasets that are complementary to the PSU analyses. The smoke plume SOA model framework can be adapted and integrated into publically-available models (e.g., EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality model, CMAQ) for access by the broader scientific community and policymakers nationwide. For example, such enhancements of CMAQ for predictions of BB-SOA formation and transport may be used by municipalities throughout the U.S. to inform scheduling of prescribed burns to maintain compliance with national particulate matter standards or to provide air quality alerts during wildfire activity. The project will provide the principal investigator with career development training in addition to enhanced opportunities for networking and outreach (e.g., mentoring underrepresented high-school students as part of the Apprenticeships in Science and Engineering program at PSU). Under the Center for Climate and Aerosol Research (CCAR) at PSU, additional opportunities exist for direct involvement in community engagement by assisting in the coordination of climate-related seminars accessible to the public and participating in K-12 classroom visits. These various outreach activities will provide important avenues for enhancing atmospheric science education and facilitating integration of research and education.

这项研究的目的是（1）利用生物质燃烧（BB）排放和化学的协作测量，以更好地了解有助于烟雾中次级有机气溶胶（SOA）的基本化合物和过程，（2）开发SOA模型以改善有机气体形成和运输燃料中的有机气体形成和运输区域的预测。在这项研究中，将在Missoula实验的第四次消防实验室（Flame-IV）在美国森林服务消防科学实验室（GCXGC/TOFMS）对火灾排放中的SOA前体及其反应产物进行详细的化学分析。 GCXGC分析，通过Flame-IV运动的互补气体和粒子相测量的增强，将用于开发描述SOA形成的过程级模型，包括在羽毛稀释过程中从主要颗粒中蒸发的成分的贡献。 SOA模块随后将集成到一个全面的烟羽模型中，该模型包括气溶胶水吸收和光学特性的计算，从而可以改善对火力引起的辐射强迫的评估，以及对BB污染物形成和运输的预测，以评估火灾的空气质量下降。这项工作将在波特兰州立大学（PSU）的凯利·巴尔桑蒂（Kelley Barsanti）教授的指导下进行。这项研究对多种类型的影响更大。 Flame-IV运动将从其他十个机构中汇集研究人员及其相关的仪器，创建与PSU分析互补的新合作伙伴关系和数据集。可以将烟雾羽SOA模型框架改编成公开可用的模型（例如EPA社区的多尺度空气质量模型，CMAQ），以供全国广泛的科学界和政策制定者访问。例如，全美的市政当局可以使用CMAQ来预测BB-SOA形成和运输的预测，以告知规定规定的烧伤，以维持符合国家颗粒物标准的符合性或在野火活动期间提供空气质量警报。该项目还将为首席研究人员提供职业发展培训，除了增强网络和外展的机会（例如，指导代表性不足的高中生作为PSU科学和工程计划的学徒制的一部分）。在PSU的气候和气雾剂研究中心（CCAR）下，还有其他机会直接参与社区参与，通过协助公众可以协调与气候相关的研讨会并参加K-12课堂访问。这些各种外展活动将为增强大气科学教育并促进研究和教育的融合提供重要途径。