Mathematical Modeling of Ocular Mechanics, Circulation and Oxygenation and their Relation to Glaucoma

眼力学、循环和氧合的数学模型及其与青光眼的关系

• 批准号: 1224195
• 负责人: Giovanna Guidoboni
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1224195&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mathematical; Modeling; Ocular; Mechanics; Circulation

Glaucoma is a disease in which the optic nerve is damaged, leading to progressive, irreversible loss of vision. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and yet its pathogenesis and treatment are not fully understood. Glaucoma is primarily associated with elevated intraocular pressure and is treated with interventions that lower this pressure. Paradoxically, it has been observed that many people develop glaucoma despite relatively low intraocular pressure and that many people never develop glaucoma despite elevated intraocular pressure. A link between impaired ocular circulation and glaucoma has been identified and helps to explain this paradox. It is unclear, however, if alterations in blood flow are a cause or effect of the retinal cell death associated with glaucoma. Therefore, the objective of this study is to use a mathematical model of ocular blood flow regulation and tissue perfusion and oxygenation to determine whether hemodynamic alterations are primary or secondary to glaucomatous damage. Specifically, the effects of impaired vascular regulation mechanisms and elevated intraocular pressure on blood flow will be compared using model simulations. These effects will be related to model predictions of tissue oxygenation in order to understand whether impaired ocular circulation causes cell death or if cell death is the cause of impaired circulation.The results of this study will aid the interpretation of clinical measurements of eye structure and blood flow and provide insight for new treatment strategies for glaucoma. The non-standard techniques required to obtain model solutions are active areas of research in mathematics, and thus this project will provide significant contributions to both medical and mathematical fields. Moreover, conducting studies in the eye is of particular importance because it is the only environment in the human body where blood flow and systemic vascular features can be observed and measured easily and non-invasively down to a very small level (capillary vessels). These measurements identify risk indicators not only of glaucoma but also of many systemic diseases currently diminishing the quality of human life, including diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. By combining theoretical interpretations and descriptions of underlying principles of human physiology with experimental and clinical measurements, this study has a unique potential to impact the knowledge and treatment of multiple diseases.

青光眼是一种疾病，其中视神经受损，导致渐进的，不可逆转的视力丧失。青光眼是全球失明的第二大主要原因，但其发病机理和治疗尚未完全了解。 青光眼主要与眼内压升高有关，并通过降低该压力的干预措施进行处理。 矛盾的是，尽管眼内压相对较低，但许多人尽管眼内压升高，但许多人从未发展出青光眼，但许多人都会发展出青光眼。 已经发现了眼循环和青光眼受损之间的联系，并有助于解释这种悖论。 但是，尚不清楚血流的改变是与青光眼有关的视网膜细胞死亡的原因或作用。 因此，这项研究的目的是使用眼血流调节和组织灌注和氧合的数学模型来确定血液动力学改变是主要还是继发于青光眼损伤。具体而言，使用模型模拟将比较血管调节机制受损的影响对血流的影响。 这些作用将与组织氧合的模型预测有关，以了解眼部循环受损是否会导致细胞死亡或细胞死亡是循环中循环受损的原因。这项研究的结果将有助于解释眼睛结构和血液流动的临床测量，并为新治疗策略提供新的治疗策略。 获得模型解决方案所需的非标准技术是数学研究的活跃领域，因此该项目将为医学和数学领域提供重要贡献。 此外，在眼睛中进行研究特别重要，因为它是人体中唯一可以观察到血流和全身血管特征的环境，并且可以轻松而无创地至非常小的水平（毛细管血管）。 这些测量值不仅确定了青光眼的风险指标，而且还确定了许多全身性疾病目前降低人类生活质量的风险指标，包括糖尿病，高血压和动脉粥样硬化。 通过将人类生理学基本原理的理论解释和描述与实验和临床测量相结合，本研究具有影响多种疾病知识和治疗的独特潜力。