OCEAN ACIDIFICATION - COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: OMEGAS II - Linking ecological and organismal responses to the ocean acidification seascape in the California Current System

海洋酸化 - 合作研究：OMEGAS II - 将生态和生物反应与加州洋流系统中海洋酸化海景联系起来

• 批准号: 1220648
• 负责人: Eric Sanford
• 金额: $ 27.94万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1220648&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCEAN; ACIDIFICATION; COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; OMEGAS

This project is a renewal of an existing ocean acidification (OA) grant supporting an interdisciplinary research team (called OMEGAS) with expertise in oceanography, ecology, biogeochemistry, molecular physiology, and molecular genetics. Research to date has documented a dynamic oceanographic mosaic in the inner shelf of the California Current System (CCS) that spans 1,200+ km and varies at tidal, diurnal, event, and seasonal temporal scales at local to ocean basin spatial scales. In OMEGAS II, the project seeks to better understand the drivers of this striking time-space variability, and to link the OA seascape to the physiological and ecological performance of a key member of this ecosystem, the mussel Mytilus californianus. In addition, the investigators will explore the influence of this oceanographic mosaic on species interactions and community organization. As a dominant habitat-forming species, strong interactor, and major space occupant, M. californianus is arguably the core component of the rocky intertidal ecosystem along the upwelling-dominated CCS. Using an interdisciplinary, spatially extensive approach integrating inner shelf oceanography with ecology, physiology, and eco-mechanics, the interdisciplinary team will study the response of juvenile mussels M. californianus to OA. The studies span levels of biological organization, thereby allowing assessment of how the cost of forming a shell under field conditions might influence physiological performance and resistance to predation. This investigation will include modeling to link to larger-scale ecosystem and oceanographic dynamics in the CCS and beyond.Results from OMEGAS I show that the growth, survival, and shell strength of mussel larvae are strongly negatively affected by elevated pCO2, and that growth of adult mussels varied among sites within regions and between regions. Emerging data on natural variability in seawater conditions will allow a deeper exploration of the organismal response of M. californianus, and the ecological consequences of traits, such as reduced shell thickness and strength. The present project will expand and strengthen the existing oceanographic network to increase our understanding of the coastal OA regime, and provide the environmental context for ecological and physiological research. Specifically, this project will (1) conduct field and laboratory experiments on the influence of OA on the growth, shell accretion, and resistance to predation of juvenile mussels collected from 10 sites spanning 1,400 km of coastline, (2) link the OA-sensor oceanographic "backbone" to an existing database of community structure via ecological modeling to assess the influence of OA on coastal variation in community organization, (3) determine the physiological responses of juvenile mussels following field deployments and culture under common garden conditions to evaluate mechanistic underpinnings to the responses observed in mussels from different sites, (4) explore the physiological and transcriptomic response of mussels in lab mesocosms to field-documented variability in pCO2, and (5) using modified ROMS models, evaluate the linkage between basin-scale oceanography and local-scale variation in inner-shelf oceanography to evaluate the relative influences of large-to-local scale factors on OA variability. This research aims to understand how coastal ecosystems will respond to OA, and thus to develop our capacity to predict the future impact of OA on coastal ecosystems.Broader Impacts. This project will leverage complementary funding for research, training and outreach, and engage undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers, as well as PIs. Part of an overall goal is to increase the visibility and familiarity of OA science for policy makers and the general public. Outreach will be facilitated through extensive ties to COMPASS (Communication Partnership for Science and the Sea), public lectures, websites, and multimedia outlets, such as films and television. Each campus is engaged in local-to-national displays on OA.

该项目是现有海洋酸化 (OA) 拨款的更新，用于支持具有海洋学、生态学、生物地球化学、分子生理学和分子遗传学专业知识的跨学科研究团队（称为 OMEGAS）。迄今为止的研究已经记录了加州洋流系统 (CCS) 内陆架的动态海洋镶嵌，其跨度超过 1,200 公里，并且在局部到洋盆空间尺度上在潮汐、昼夜、事件和季节时间尺度上发生变化。在 OMEGAS II 中，该项目旨在更好地了解这种惊人的时空变化的驱动因素，并将 OA 海景与该生态系统的关键成员加州贻贝的生理和生态性能联系起来。此外，研究人员还将探索这种海洋镶嵌对物种相互作用和群落组织的影响。作为一种主要的栖息地形成物种、强大的相互作用者和主要的太空占据者，加州巨蜥可以说是上升流主导的 CCS 沿线岩石潮间带生态系统的核心组成部分。跨学科团队将采用跨学科、空间广泛的方法，将内陆架海洋学与生态学、生理学和生态力学相结合，研究加州贻贝幼体对 OA 的反应。这些研究跨越了生物组织的各个层面，从而可以评估在野外条件下形成外壳的成本如何影响生理性能和对捕食的抵抗力。这项研究将包括建立与 CCS 及其他地区更大规模的生态系统和海洋动力学联系起来的模型。 OMEGAS I 的结果表明，pCO2 升高会对贻贝幼虫的生长、生存和壳强度产生强烈的负面影响，并且贻贝幼虫的生长会受到 pCO2 升高的强烈负面影响。成年贻贝在区域内和区域之间因地点而异。关于海水条件自然变化的新数据将有助于更深入地探索加利福尼亚海螺的生物反应，以及特征的生态后果，例如壳厚度和强度的减少。本项目将扩大和加强现有的海洋学网络，以增加我们对沿海OA状况的了解，并为生态和生理研究提供环境背景。具体来说，该项目将 (1) 进行现场和实验室实验，研究 OA 对从横跨 1,400 公里海岸线的 10 个地点收集的幼年贻贝的生长、贝壳增生和抵抗捕食的影响，(2) 连接 OA 传感器通过生态模型将海洋学“骨干”连接到现有的群落结构数据库，以评估 OA 对群落组织沿海变化的影响，(3) 确定幼年贻贝在野外的生理反应在常见花园条件下的部署和培养，以评估不同地点贻贝观察到的反应的机械基础，(4) 探索实验室中生态系统中贻贝对现场记录的 pCO2 变化的生理和转录组反应，以及 (5) 使用修改后的 ROMS模型，评估盆地尺度海洋学与内陆架海洋学局部尺度变化之间的联系，以评估大到局部尺度因素对 OA 变化的相对影响。本研究旨在了解沿海生态系统将如何应对 OA，从而提高我们预测 OA 对沿海生态系统未来影响的能力。更广泛的影响。该项目将利用补充资金进行研究、培训和推广，并吸引本科生、研究生、博士后研究人员以及 PI 参与。总体目标的一部分是提高决策者和公众对 OA 科学的知名度和熟悉度。将通过与 COMPASS（科学与海洋传播伙伴关系）、公共讲座、网站和电影和电视等多媒体渠道的广泛联系来促进外展活动。每个校区都在 OA 上进行地方到国家的展示。