Development of a Theoretical Basis for Modeling Disease Processes in Marine Invertebrates

海洋无脊椎动物疾病过程建模理论基础的发展

• 批准号: 1216220
• 负责人: Eileen Hofmann
• 金额: $ 128.01万
• 依托单位: Old Dominion University Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-15 至 2016-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1216220&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Theoretical; Basis; Modeling; Disease

The general question of how epizootics are initiated and terminated in marine invertebrate populations and how this process is supported by transmission provides a basis for expanding the evaluation of marine disease outbreaks. Addressing this question requires development of a theoretical framework for disease transmission among invertebrates in marine systems. Such a framework will contribute to the general advancement of the understanding of the Ecology of Marine Infectious Diseases (EMID). This proposal outlines a combined experimental and modeling effort that will provide a general theory for marine invertebrate diseases. The model will be informed using Dermo disease, caused by Perkinsus marinus, in Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), as an experimental system. However, the model will be applicable to all sessile or nearly sessile species whose movement is restricted to small scales (e.g. bivalves, gastropods, sea urchins, corals) and to a range of hydrodynamic regimes from estuaries to lagoons to coral reef tracts. This project is interdisciplinary and is integrated across several disciplines. The team has a unique mixture of expertise in molluscan pathology and epizootiology, genetics, and modeling of coastal and estuarine systems, disease processes and the genetic milieu, as well as a long history of successful collaborative research. By integrating our expertise across disciplines, this project promises to provide novel insights into the disease transmission process for infectious diseases that are poorly described by traditional susceptible-infected-resistant models built upon contact rates. This deficiency in modeling disease transmission is widespread across many taxa of sessile marine organisms. The project also responds to the recommendations in EMID workshops for the development of general frameworks for marine diseases that can be applied to specific systems and to understanding the determinants of transmission of diseases and the spread of pathogens by environmental factors. The results of this project will provide an important advancement in the theoretical basis for modeling diseases and disease transmission in marine systems. This project will contribute to the training of students and early career scientists in disciplines of genetics, pathology, genomics, and population and circulation modeling that is needed to solve many of the important problems associated with fisheries and marine coastal systems. Project results will be disseminated through scientific conferences, publication in the peer-review literature, and websites. Project results will be used in ongoing outreach efforts through a collaborative outreach program between the Department of STEM Education and the Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography at Old Dominion University. Additional outreach will be through the Partnership for the Delaware Estuary and the Bayshore Discovery Project, organizations engaged in public outreach for Delaware Bay.

关于如何在海洋无脊椎动物人群中启动和终止epizootics的一般问题，以及如何通过传播支持这一过程，为扩大海洋疾病暴发评估的基础提供了基础。解决这个问题需要开发海洋系统中无脊椎动物疾病传播的理论框架。这样的框架将有助于对海洋传染病生态（EMID）的生态的一般发展。该提议概述了一项合并的实验和建模工作，将为海洋无脊椎动物疾病提供一般理论。该模型将使用由珀金斯·马里纳斯（Perkinsus Marinus）在东方牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）中作为实验系统告知。但是，该模型将适用于所有无柄或几乎连钉的物种，其运动仅限于小尺度（例如双壳类，腹足类，海胆，珊瑚），以及从河口到泻湖到珊瑚礁的一系列流体动力学状态。该项目是跨学科的，并在几个学科中融合在一起。该团队在软体动物病理学和epizootiology，遗传学以及沿海和河口系统，疾病过程和遗传环境以及成功协作研究的悠久历史上的独特专业知识。通过将我们跨学科的专业知识融合在一起，该项目有望为传统疾病的疾病传播过程提供新颖的见解，这些疾病是由传统的易感性抗性抗性模型所描述的，基于接触率。在许多无官方海洋生物的分类群中，这种疾病传播建模的缺乏广泛存在。该项目还回应了有关开发海洋疾病通用框架的建议的建议，这些建议可以应用于特定系统，并了解疾病传播的决定因素以及通过环境因素扩散病原体。该项目的结果将在理论基础上为海洋系统中的疾病和疾病传播建模。该项目将有助于培训学生和早期职业科学家在遗传学，病理学，基因组学和人群学科中的培训，以及解决与渔业和海洋沿海系统相关的许多重要问题所需的培训。项目结果将通过科学会议，同行评审文献和网站的出版物来传播。通过STEM教育部和Old Dominion University的沿海物理海洋学中心之间的合作外展计划，将使用项目结果进行持续的外展工作。额外的外展将通过特拉华州河口和贝希尔发现项目的合作伙伴关系，组织为特拉华湾公共宣传。