DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The ecology and evolution of morphological scaling

论文研究：形态尺度的生态学和演化

• 批准号: 1210426
• 负责人: William Frankino
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1210426&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; ecology; evolution; morphological

Change in relative trait size is a primary mechanism by which adaptation and diversification occurs. This study will rigorously test the hypothesis that selection on ecological performance has produced an observed pattern frequently cited as one of the most compelling cases of adaptation known. Fruit flies vary in wing size such that in cooler environments flies are larger with disproportionately large wings. This study will (1) impose artificial selection on flight performance in warm and cool environments to evolve populations of flies possessing morphology suited to flight at each temperature, (2) assess the adaptive nature of the those flies in flight and survival assays, and (3) determine the strength and pattern of selection acting on each trait. In addition, the proposed work will involve the training of four undergraduates, including individuals from groups that are underrepresented in the sciences.

相对性状大小的变化是适应和多样化的主要机制。这项研究将严格检验以下假设：对生态性能的选择已产生一种经常被认为是已知的最具吸引力的适应性案例之一。果蝇的翅膀尺寸各不相同，因此在较冷的环境中，苍蝇较大，翅膀不成比例。这项研究将（1）在温暖和凉爽的环境中对飞行性能强加人为选择，以进化具有适合在每个温度下飞行的形态的苍蝇种群，（2）评估飞行和生存测定中这些苍蝇的适应性性质，（3）确定选择在每个性状上作用的选择强度和模式。此外，拟议的工作将涉及四名大学生的培训，包括来自科学中代表性不足的团体的个人。