Collaborative Research: Using opportunistic radon measurements to estimate the gas transfer velocity in partial sea ice cover

合作研究：利用机会性氡气测量来估计部分海冰覆盖中的气体传输速度

• 批准号: 1203558
• 负责人: Brice Loose
• 金额: $ 38.83万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-11-01 至 2016-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1203558&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; opportunistic; radon

This project will investigate the use of naturally-occurring radon as a tracer for gas exchange in seasonally ice-covered waters in the Arctic Ocean, using ships of opportunity for sampling. At its maximum extent, sea ice covers nearly 10% of the ocean surface, which creates an important control on the exchange of heat and biogenic gases (CO2, O2, DMS) between the ocean and atmosphere. In the Arctic, the summer minimum in sea ice cover is rapidly decreasing and this implies a greater oscillation between the minimum and maximum sea ice extents. The effect of this increased oscillation on the net air-sea exchange of gases is not certain because sea ice is interconnected with upper ocean physics and biology. What appears certain, is that the Arctic surface ocean will experience greater variability in ice cover and this increase in variability emphasizes the need for a predictive map of air-sea gas exchange versus the forcing conditions in the sea ice zone. Sea surface convection during freezing, stratification by meltwater, and the presence of interspersed ice floes may exert important controls on the gas transfer velocity and flux of biogenic gases. A well-constrained determination of the flux of CO2 in sea ice, and in turn a well-constrained budget of polar ocean carbon, will require more detailed knowledge of gas transfer velocity in the presence of sea ice. This study proposes to make an exploratory map of the scaling relationship between the gas transfer velocity and the forcing conditions in the seasonal sea ice zone, by combining estimates of the gas transfer velocity from radon measurements with forcing conditions (such as wind and upper ocean turbulence) from Arctic Observing Network measurements and from model results. In addition to its impact on understanding carbon cycling, the project will support an early career investigator, and a graduate student.

该项目将使用自然出现的ra用作北极海洋中季节性冰覆水域中天然气交换的示踪剂，并使用机会进行抽样舰。在最大程度上，海冰覆盖了近10％的海面，这对海洋和大气之间的热量和生物气体（CO2，O2，DMS）的交换产生了重要控制。在北极，海冰覆盖层中的最小夏季正在迅速减少，这意味着最小和最大海冰延伸之间的振荡更大。这种增加的振荡对气体净交换气体的影响不确定，因为海冰与上海物理学和生物学相互关联。似乎可以肯定的是，北极表面海洋将在冰盖上经历更大的变异性，而这种可变性的增加强调了对海冰区的强迫条件的预测图的需求。冰冻期间的海面对流，融化的分层以及散布的冰浮标的存在可能对生物气体的气体转移速度和通量产生重要的控制。海冰中二氧化碳通量的确定良好，进而确定了极地海洋碳的预算，将需要在存在海冰的情况下对气体传递速度的更详细的了解。这项研究建议，通过结合北极观测网络测量和模型结果的强迫条件（例如风能和上海湍流）的估计，并将radon测量的气体传递速度与强迫条件（例如风能和上海湍流）结合在一起，并将气体转移速度与强迫速度的估计结合在一起，来制作探索性图。除了对了解碳循环的影响外，该项目还将支持早​​期的职业调查员和研究生。