CAREER: A Multiscale Strategy for Nano- and Bio- Structures: Deformation, Defects, and Electromechanics

职业：纳米和生物结构的多尺度策略：变形、缺陷和机电

• 批准号: 1150002
• 负责人: Kaushik Dayal
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1150002&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Multiscale; Strategy; Nano; Bio

The research objective of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program award is to investigate the use of fundamental structural symmetries for multiscale calculations of structural defects in systems of importance to nanotechnology and life sciences. The focus nanostructures are carbon nanotubes and graphene, and the focus biological structures are DNA molecules and lipid membranes. Structural defects can have huge impacts: for example, carbon nanotube networks with junctions can behave as soft and ultra-low-weight electromechanical materials; voids in graphene can cause failure, or even enable new properties such as piezoelectricity in non-piezoelectric perfect graphene; mechanical kinks in DNA can affect electron transport and consequently biological function; and the exit and entry of biomolecules to the cell is essentially through the formation of defects in lipid membranes. The research strategy will use a unifying description of the underlying structural symmetries in these various systems to enable multiscale calculations of defect properties, in particular the role of defects in deformation and electron transport.The outcomes of the project will include new methods for complex bio- and nano-structures, and the scientific insights of the focus studies can provide strategies for designing and optimizing new materials with complex structure. This project plans a number of educational activities that are closely integrated with the research. This includes a new National Engineer Week exhibit based on symmetry and collective behavior; involving undergraduates in the proposed research; training a PhD student; the development of interdisciplinary graduate courses on "Multiscale Modeling"; and the organization of conference sessions on topics related to the project.

该学院早期职业发展（CAREER）计划奖的研究目标是研究基本结构对称性在对纳米技术和生命科学重要的系统中结构缺陷的多尺度计算中的应用。重点纳米结构是碳纳米管和石墨烯，重点生物结构是DNA分子和脂质膜。结构缺陷可能会产生巨大影响：例如，具有结点的碳纳米管网络可以充当柔软且超轻的机电材料；石墨烯中的空隙可能会导致失效，甚至会带来新的特性，例如非压电完美石墨烯的压电性； DNA 中的机械扭结会影响电子传输，从而影响生物功能；而生物分子出入细胞本质上是通过脂质膜缺陷的形成。该研究策略将使用对这些不同系统中基本结构对称性的统一描述，以实现缺陷属性的多尺度计算，特别是缺陷在变形和电子传输中的作用。该项目的成果将包括复杂生物的新方法。和纳米结构，以及重点研究的科学见解可以为设计和优化具有复杂结构的新材料提供策略。该项目计划开展一系列与研究紧密结合的教育活动。这包括基于对称性和集体行为的新国家工程师周展览；让本科生参与拟议的研究；培养博士生；开发“多尺度建模”跨学科研究生课程；以及组织与项目相关主题的会议。

项目成果

Mechanobiology predicts raft formations triggered by ligand-receptor activity across the cell membrane

力学生物学预测由跨细胞膜的配体受体活性触发的筏形成

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmps.2020.103974
• 发表时间: 2020-05-22
• 期刊: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: A. Carotenuto;L. Lunghi;Valentina Piccolo;M. Babaei;K. Dayal;N. Pugno;M. Zingales;L. Deseri;M. Fraldi
• 通讯作者: M. Fraldi