Binary Palladium-Based Anode Catalysts for the Ethanol Oxidation Reaction in an Alkaline Medium

用于碱性介质中乙醇氧化反应的二元钯基阳极催化剂

• 批准号: 1152771
• 负责人: Xiaowei Teng
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1152771&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Binary; Palladium; Based; Anode; Catalysts

With this project funded by the Chemical Catalysis Program, Prof. Xiaowei Teng of the University of New Hampshire (UNH) will develop new palladium (Pd)-based binary heterogeneous catalysts for direct ethanol alkaline fuel cell (DEAFC) reactions. Ethanol has been considered a promising fuel in power technologies, for its high energy density, low toxicity, and availability from biomass. However, the ethanol oxidation reaction is plagued by slow kinetics, inefficient electro-oxidation at room temperature, and its expense when platinum is used as a catalyst. This proposed work will investigate the structure and electroactivity of low-cost Pd-based anode catalysts with highly-efficient oxidization of ethanol in an alkaline medium, and will advance the cost-effective use of DEAFCs. To understand and optimize the structure-electroactivity relationship for the DEAFC reactions, the proposed research will include: (1) Evaluating the stability of Pd-based binary catalysts and studying their ability to break the C-C bond of ethanol using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, (2) Synthesizing and characterizing Pd-based catalysts using combined techniques, including state-of-the-art aberration-corrected Scanning Transmission Electronic Microscopy (STEM) and synchrotron-based Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure spectroscopy, and (4) Measuring electroactivities of the proposed Pd-based catalysts for the DEAFCs in an alkaline medium and understanding the mechanism of the EOR through in-situ X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure spectroscopy, through which the optimal Pd-based nanostructures will be determined for highly-efficient oxidation of ethanol into CO2 with C-C bond cleavage in an alkaline medium. The proposed project builds upon the researchers' past accomplishments in DFT calculations, functional nanomaterials, catalyst design for fuel cells, and synchrotron- and STEM-based spectroscopic techniques, and integrates an educational program dedicated to the cross-disciplinary training in materials science and electrocatalysis. The outcome of the research will impact DAEFCs technology by completely replacing Pt with an alternative low-cost, highly-efficient anode nanocatalyst. The project outcome will support directly the nation's effort to diversify its energy supply portfolio, and help to reduce the global carbon footprint. More importantly, the research will be coupled with an educational program dedicated to training and teaching students about the power of the structure-function relationship, not only for DAEFCs but also fundamental catalysis that drives so many processes. The research and education integration in this program will provide graduate and undergraduate students with a cross-disciplinary effort that joins material science and electrochemistry. Additionally, the students will have opportunity to receive direct training at national laboratory facilities using state-of-the-art equipment, and to experience how such resources can be utilized throughout their careers to advance research and technology.

通过该项目由化学催化计划资助，新罕布什尔大学（UNH）的小西奥维教授将开发新的钯（PD）基于基于乙醇碱性燃料电池（DEAFC）反应的基于基于二元的二元异质催化剂。乙醇被认为是电力技术的有前途的燃料，其高能量密度，低毒性和生物质的可用性。然而，乙醇氧化反应受到缓慢的动力学，室温下效率低下的电氧化的困扰以及当用作铂作催化剂时的费用。这项提出的工作将研究碱性培养基中乙醇高效氧化的低成本基于PD的阳极催化剂的结构和电活性，并将推动聋哑人的成本效益使用。 To understand and optimize the structure-electroactivity relationship for the DEAFC reactions, the proposed research will include: (1) Evaluating the stability of Pd-based binary catalysts and studying their ability to break the C-C bond of ethanol using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, (2) Synthesizing and characterizing Pd-based catalysts using combined techniques, including state-of-the-art aberration-corrected Scanning Transmission Electronic显微镜（Stem）和基于同步加速器的扩展X射线吸收精细的结构光谱，以及（4）测量碱介质中提出的基于PD的催化剂的电效性，用于聋哑人，并通过高度的近边缘结构范围来理解EOR的机制，并通过高度的结构范围来理解EOR的机制乙醇在碱性培养基中用C-C键裂解的二氧化碳。 拟议的项目建立在研究人员在DFT计算，功能性纳米材料，燃料电池的催化剂设计以及基于同步加速器和基于STEM的光谱技术的基础上，并整合了专门用于材料科学和电脑分析中跨学科培训的教育计划。 研究的结果将通过用替代性低成本，高效的阳极纳米催化剂完全替换PT来影响DAEFCS技术。该项目的结果将直接支持美国为能源供应组合多样化的努力，并有助于减少全球碳足迹。更重要的是，这项研究将与一项致力于培训和向学生讲授结构功能关系的力量的教育计划，不仅针对DAEFC，而且对驱动许多过程的基本催化。 该计划中的研究和教育融合将为毕业生和本科生提供跨学科的工作，以加入材料科学和电化学。此外，学生将有机会使用最先进的设备在国家实验室设施进行直接培训，并体验如何在整个职业生涯中利用这些资源来推进研究和技术。