MARGINS: Collaborative Research: Illuminating the Architecture of the Greater Mount St. Helens Magmatic System from Slab to Surface

边缘：合作研究：阐明大圣海伦斯山岩浆系统从板块到地表的结构

• 批准号: 1144353
• 负责人: Adam Schultz
• 金额: $ 46.92万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1144353&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MARGINS; Collaborative; Research; Illuminating; Architecture

To better understand volcanic activity, it is fundamental to get an accurate representation of magma generation zones and storage regions in the Earth?s crust and upper mantle. Illuminating the architecture of the plumbing system beneath volcanoes will allow scientists to determine (1) at which depths and conditions magmas are generated, and (2) the shapes and sizes of pathways and reservoirs along which magma travels towards the surface. Such knowledge will allow scientists to make more informed predictions on the durations of volcanic crises and on the total volume of erupted material during eruptive episodes.This project focuses on the Mount St. Helens volcanic edifice, (WA, USA), whose explosive eruption in 1980 attracted world?s attention, and was the first volcano to be thoroughly monitored with modern instruments. Mount St. Helens provides an ideal setting to apply state-of-the-art geophysical and geochemical techniques to image its subterranean roots: It is active, easily accessible, and has a well recorded past history. The project will use several different methods (active and passive source seismic tomography and scattered wave imaging, magnetotelluric imaging, petrology and geochemistry), involving a large collaborative team, to image the volcano?s plumbing system with unprecedented resolution from the subducting plate to the surface. The results will be informative for many other volcanoes around the world, particularly those located along the infamous Pacific Ring of Fire.

为了更好地了解火山活动，获得地球上岩浆生成区域和储存区域的准确表示是至关重要的。照亮火山下的管道系统的结构将使科学家能够确定（1）在哪些深度和条件下产生岩浆，以及（2）岩浆沿着岩浆向表面传播的途径和水库的形状和尺寸。这些知识将使科学家能够对火山危机的持续时间以及爆发事件期间的爆发材料的总量做出更明智的预测。该项目重点介绍了圣海伦斯山火山建筑（WA，美国），其1980年在1980年的爆炸性爆发引起了世界的关注，并且是对现代乐器进行了彻底监视的第一火山。圣海伦斯山（Mount St. Helens）提供了一个理想的设置，以应用最先进的地球物理和地球化学技术来对其地下根部进行成像：它是活跃的，易于访问的，并且具有良好的历史记录。该项目将使用几种不同的方法（主动和被动源地震层析成像和散射的波浪成像，磁铁成像，岩石学和地球化学），涉及一个大型协作团队，以形象火山的水暖系统，并从俯冲板到表面进行空前的分辨率。对于世界上许多其他火山，尤其是臭名昭著的太平洋火环的火山，结果将是有益的。