METABOLOMICS: Identification of inducible bioactive plant metabolites

代谢组学：诱导型生物活性植物代谢物的鉴定

• 批准号: 1139329
• 负责人: Georg Jander
• 金额: $ 49.87万
• 依托单位: Boyce Thompson Institute Plant Research
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-01 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1139329&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: METABOLOMICS; Identification; inducible; bioactive; plant

METABOLOMICS: Identification of Inducible Bioactive Plant Metabolites Japan: Yutaka Okumoto, Naoki Mori, and Naoko Yoshinaga (Kyoto University) USA: Georg Jander (Boyce Thompson Institute); Eric Schmelz and Alisa Huffaker (USDA-ARS)Intellectual Merit: Plants produce an enormous variety of toxic and deterrent metabolites to protect themselves against pathogens and herbivores. These chemical defenses include well-studied molecules like caffeine in coffee and capsaicin in hot peppers. However, less than 10% of the metabolites in any given plant species have been identified. Many defense-related compounds are absent in non-stressed plants, but accumulate locally to very high levels following attack. The targeted identification of these small molecules, which accumulate in response to infection or herbivory, will result in the discovery previously unknown plant defenses. In the current project, defense-induced metabolites will be identified in four well-studied plant species, maize, soybean, rice and Arabidopsis. By focusing on these key species, it will be possible to make use of well-developed genetic tools and an extensive body of prior research to speed the discovery genes and pathways that are required for the synthesis of previously unknown plant metabolites. The defensive functions of the newly identified plant genes and metabolites will be confirmed with insect and pathogen bioassays.Broader Impacts: Analysis of induced defenses in plants will lead to the identification of previously unknown molecules that have practical applications in the control of pests and diseases. A mechanistic understanding of natural plant defenses will enable targeted trait improvements that reduce energy inputs and the use of agricultural chemicals, which are required when cultivating plants for food, animal feed, and biofuel production. Interactions between American and Japanese scientists will be enhanced through this highly collaborative research project. Samples for analysis will be exchanged between research teams, scientists from the US will receive training in Japan, and undergraduate students from Japan will participate in a well-established undergraduate research program at the Boyce Thompson Institute. A new generation of plant scientists will be prepared for future careers in academia, industry, and government service.

代谢组学：诱导生物活性植物代谢物日本的鉴定：Yutaka Okumoto，Naoki Mori和Naoko Yoshinaga（京都大学）：乔治·詹德（Georg Jander）（博伊斯·汤普森学院）； Eric Sc​​hmelz和Alisa Huffaker（USDA-ARS）知识分子：植物产生各种各样的有毒和威慑代谢物，以保护自己免受病原体和食草动物的侵害。这些化学防御包括精心研究的分子，例如咖啡中的咖啡因和辣椒中的辣椒素。但是，已经鉴定出任何给定植物物种中不到10％的代谢产物。在非压力植物中，许多与防御有关的化合物都没有，但攻击后本地积累到很高的水平。这些小分子的靶向鉴定是响应感染或草食性而积累的，将导致以前未知的植物防御。在当前的项目中，将在四种经过良好研究的植物，玉米，大豆，大米和拟南芥中鉴定出防御引起的代谢产物。通过专注于这些关键物种，可以利用发达的遗传工具以及大量的先前研究，以加快合成以前未知的植物代谢物所需的发现基因和途径。新近鉴定的植物基因和代谢产物的防御功能将通过昆虫和病原体生物测定。Boader的影响：分析植物中诱导的防御能力的分析将导致鉴定以前未知的分子，这些分子在控制虫害和疾病中具有实际应用。对天然植物防御的机械理解将实现有针对性的性状改善，以减少能源投入和使用农业化学品，这是在培养食物，动物饲料和生物燃料生产的植物时所必需的。通过这个高度协作的研究项目将增强美国和日本科学家之间的互动。研究团队之间将交换用于分析的样本，来自美国的科学家将在日本接受培训，来自日本的本科生将参加博伊斯·汤普森学院（Boyce Thompson Institute）一项公认的本科研究计划。新一代的植物科学家将为学术界，工业和政府服务的未来职业做好准备。