Collaborative Research: Production Fluxes and Physicochemical Properties of Nascent Marine Aerosols: Implications for the Atmosphere and Upper Ocean.

合作研究：新生海洋气溶胶的生产通量和物理化学性质：对大气和上层海洋的影响。

• 批准号: 1129836
• 负责人: William Keene
• 金额: $ 17.11万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1129836&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Production; Fluxes; Physicochemical

Production of primary marine aerosol at the ocean surface is a major process in the earth?s climate system, with important implications for the physicochemical evolution of the troposphere and feedbacks on upper ocean biogeochemistry. Newly formed marine aerosol are number-dominated by sub-ìm diameter, hygroscopic, organic-rich particles that scatter solar radiation and serve as condensation nuclei. Photolysis of the associated marine-derived organic matter (OM) produces reactive oxygen species and other oxidized species. The nature, magnitude, and consequences of the production and evolution of marine aerosol are highly uncertain, precluding development of a reliable predictive capability for associated influences on tropospheric chemistry, upper ocean biogeochemistry, and climate. To address some of these uncertainties, an interdisciplinary research team from the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, the University of Virginia, and the Scripps Institute of Oceanography will participate on a multidisciplinary research cruise from the US to Bermuda in the summer of 2012 to study fluxes of marine aerosols as a function of seawater characteristics. In particular they will characterize size- and composition-resolved marine aerosols by comparison of measurements made with their own custom-designed UVA aerosol generator with parallel measurements with the NOAA SeaSweep aerosol generator and eddy covariance techniques. Comparative studies will be carried out at two or three optically distinct stations with seawater characteristics that are compositionally distinct. These results will also be compared with similar data already in-hand to yield a more thorough synthesis and to serve as the basis for developing numerical models of the aerosol transport system. An important outcome of this project will be a thorough characterization of the aerosol material generated by the UVA instrument for future aerosol work at sea.Broader Impacts: Results of the proposed research are expected to advance further study of the influences of the surface ocean on the size-resolved organic and inorganic composition and flux of nascent and ambient marine aerosol, and the related influences of these aerosol in the multiphase chemical and physical evolution of the marine boundary layer, surface ocean biogeochemistry, and Earth's radiation balance. The project will also provide for the training and support of one or more graduate and undergraduate students.

在海面上产生原发性海洋气溶胶是地球气候系统中的主要过程，对对流层的物理进化以及对上海生物地球化学的反馈具有重要意义。新形成的海洋气溶胶是由散射太阳辐射并用作凝结核里的sub-ìm直径，富含有机有机颗粒的数量主导的。相关海洋来源的有机物（OM）的光解会产生活性氧和其他氧化物。海洋气溶胶的生产和进化的性质，大小和后果是高度不确定的，排除了对对流层化学，上海生物地球化学和气候的相关影响的可靠预测能力的发展。为了解决其中一些不确定性，来自纽约州立环境科学与林业学院，弗吉尼亚大学和斯克里普斯海洋学研究所的跨学科研究团队将参加2012年夏季从美国到百慕大的多学科研究，以研究海洋气管的磁通量，以研究海水特征。特别是，通过与NOAA海上扫描Aerosol Generosol Generostor和Eddy Covariancience Techniques相比，通过比较自己的定制设计的UVA气溶胶发生器，通过与其自定义设计的UVA气溶胶发生器进行比较，表征了大小和组成分辨的海洋气溶胶。比较研究将在两个或三个光学不同的站点进行，其海水特征完全不同。这些结果也将与已经有手机的类似数据进行比较，以产生更彻底的合成，并作为开发气溶胶传输系统数值模型的基础。该项目的一个重要结果将是对UVA仪器为未来的气溶胶在海上工作产生的气溶胶材料的透彻表征。Boader的影响：预计拟议的研究的结果将进一步研究地面海洋对尺寸分辨有机体和无机及相关的海洋航空繁殖物的物质和繁殖型的尺寸分辨有机体和无机组成和繁殖量的影响的影响。边界层，表面海洋生物地球化学和地球的辐射平衡。该项目还将提供一名或多个研究生和本科生的培训和支持。