CIF: Small: Collaborative Research: Signal processing for enabling high speed probe based nanoimaging

CIF：小型：协作研究：用于实现基于高速探针的纳米成像的信号处理

• 批准号: 1116322
• 负责人: Aditya Ramamoorthy
• 金额: $ 24.54万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1116322&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CIF; Small; Collaborative; Research; Signal

A key enabler of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) that has opened up new realms, of interrogation and manipulation of matter at the atomic scale. It has resulted in breakthroughs in understanding sub-atomic molecular structure, protein folding dynamics and materials characterization. The potential impact of significantly faster AFM based imaging is immense, e.g., it will allow the study of dynamics of material at the nanoscale that was hitherto not accessible. The aim of this research is to study modern signal processing techniques that achieve gains in imaging speeds by an order of magnitude. The investigators will push the synergistic transfer of knowhow between the engineering and the AFM communities through student visits and specialized workshops. The findings will be integrated at appropriate levels into the undergraduate and graduate curriculum.The main component of an AFM is a cantilever that deflects in response to forces at the pico-Newton scale. The focus of this research is the dynamic mode AFM operation, where the cantilever gently taps the sample being imaged; the mode of choice for imaging biological samples. Even though forces do form a good indicator of sample topography, the system memory and the nonlinearities of the AFM system dynamics preclude a direct mapping of the cantilever forces into a finer description of topography, especially at high imaging speeds. The investigators model the complex nanoscale interactions in a mathematically tractable manner that facilitates the development of maximum a posteriori (MAP) sequence detection of the sample features. Factor graph representations and the development of appropriate inference schemes will be studied. The algorithms will be implemented on FPGAs and tested exhaustively with experimental data.

纳米科学和纳米技术的关键推动因素是原子力显微镜（AFM），它在原子量表上开放了新领域，审问和操纵物质。这导致了理解亚原子分子结构，蛋白质折叠动力学和材料表征的突破。显着更快的基于AFM的成像的潜在影响是巨大的，例如，它将允许研究迄今无法访问的纳米级材料动力学。这项研究的目的是研究现代信号处理技术，这些技术通过数量级来实现成像速度的提高。调查人员将通过学生的访问和专业研讨会来推动工程与AFM社区之间知识的协同转移。这些发现将以适当的水平集成到本科和研究生课程中。AFM的主要组成部分是悬臂，可在Pico-Newton量表上响应力而偏转。这项研究的重点是动态模式AFM操作，悬臂轻轻轻轻敲击样品的成像；成像生物样品的首选模式。尽管力确实构成了样本地形的良好指标，但系统内存和AFM系统动力学的非线性也阻止了悬臂力的直接映射到对地形的更精细描述，尤其是在高成像速度下。研究人员以数学上可拖动的方式对复杂的纳米级相互作用进行了建模，从而促进了最大后验（MAP）序列检测样品特征的发展。将研究因子图表示和适当推理方案的开发。该算法将在FPGA上实现，并通过实验数据进行详尽的测试。