Atmospheric Boundary Identification and Delineation Experiment III (ABIDE-3)

大气边界识别与圈定实验III（ABIDE-3）

• 批准号: 1110622
• 负责人: Kevin Knupp
• 金额: $ 69.98万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama in Huntsville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1110622&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Atmospheric; Boundary; Identification; Delineation; Experiment

This research seeks to improve understanding of the physics of convergent boundary zones (CBZ), focusing on the neutral to stable boundary layer, within which CBZ's and convective initiation (CI) are poorly understood. Two primary and closely related objectives include comprehensive investigations of:1. CBZ kinematics and CI during the Afternoon to Evening Transition (AET);2. Characteristics of CBZs (e.g., bores, gravity waves) within the stable (nocturnal) boundary layer and their impact on cloud formation and CI.The project involves data collection, analysis, and numerical modeling activities. A major component of this research will be accomplished by deploying a mobile X-band dual polarization radar (MAX) and a mobile profiling system (MIPS) within a meso-Gamma-scale mesonet when CBZ's are anticipated from mid-afternoon to evening. The MIPS will be embedded within one lobe of a high-resolution dual Doppler network (18 km baseline), formed by the MAX and a fixed site C-band radar. Additional surface observations will include fixed and mobile platforms. The research team also plans to use data from the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement-Southern Great Plains (ARM SGP) profiling site in Oklahoma, combined with multiple Doppler radar observations from a new network of radars installed around the ARM SGP central site. Numerical simulations, designed to complement the observations, will provide additional details on boundary layer and CI processes inferred from the observations. Results of this project will be compared to International H2O project (and other) studies, which have shown a highly 3-D structure of CBZ's within deep convective boundary layers, due to interactions of large eddies with cold front and drylines.Intellectual merit. This project will provide considerable advances in our understanding of the physics of CBZ's and CI by examining these phenomena in a parameter space (neutral to stable) that has not been comprehensively explored in previous studies. The unique feature of this project is its emphasis on the AET and nocturnal boundary layer (neutral to stable conditions). Since the MAX and MIPS are mobile platforms, they will be utilized in a preconfigured dual Doppler network when CBZs are expected during the mid-afternoon to evening time periods. This flexibility will provide comprehensive datasets at low cost and low risk when compared to limited duration field campaigns. In addition, data from the ARM SGP site (northern OK) will be monitored and analyzed similarly. Both experimental locations will provide comprehensive data from wind profilers, vertically pointing radars, balloon soundings, ground-based IR/microwave profilers, and multiple Doppler radar arrays. Broader impacts. Improved forecasting of CI, lightning, severe weather (tornadoes), and boundary-layer atmosphere transports (air quality) represent significant societal benefits of this research. The comprehensive nature of measurements (and the 24/7 capability) will increase probability of serendipitous scientific discoveries. The data collected at the Huntsville and Lamont (OK) sites, and the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) instrumentation, will be utilized extensively in PI's (i) two graduate level courses, Boundary Layer Meteorology and Ground-Based Remote Sensing; and (ii) a book Ground-Based Remote Sensing. Two UAH graduate students and one postdoctoral associate will be actively engaged in all aspects of the field campaign and subsequent modeling activities. The UAH platforms will be made available to other UAH students who have research interests in related topics. The project will support and utilize MIPS and MAX, the former of which has been utilized in numerous scientific projects over the last decade. The datasets will contribute to other disciplines, such as mesoscale/microscale structure of fronts, gravity waves in the severe storms environment, boundary layer process, and properties of biological flyers.

这项研究旨在提高对收敛边界区域（CBZ）物理学的理解，重点是中性至稳定的边界层，其中CBZ和对流启动（CI）的理解很少。 两个主要和密切相关的目标包括：1的全面调查。 CBZ运动学和CI在下午到晚上过渡（AET）; 2。稳定（夜间）边界层内CBZ（例如孔，重力波）的特征及其对云形成和CI的影响。该项目涉及数据收集，分析和数值建模活动。 这项研究的一个主要组成部分将通过在中期中期至傍晚的CBZ中部署移动X波段双极化雷达（MAX）和移动分析系统（MAX）和移动分析系统（MIP）（MIPS）。 MIPS将嵌入由Max和固定位点C波段雷达形成的高分辨率双多普勒网络（基线18 km）的一个叶中。其他表面观察将包括固定和移动平台。 研究小组还计划使用俄克拉荷马州能源部大气辐射测量的大气辐射测量区（ARM SGP）分析站点，并结合了来自ARM SGP SGP Central周围安装的新雷达网络的多个多普勒雷达观察结果。 旨在补充观测值的数值模拟将提供有关从观测值推论的边界层和CI过程的其他详细信息。 该项目的结果将与国际H2O项目（和其他）研究进行比较，该研究表明，由于大型涡流与冷界和干燥线的相互作用，CBZ在深对流边界层内的3D结构。该项目将通过在参数空间（中性到稳定）中检查这些现象，在我们对CBZ和CI的物理学的理解中提供了相当大的进步，这些现象在先前的研究中尚未全面探索。 该项目的独特特征是它强调AET和夜间边界层（中性至稳定条件）。 由于最大和MIP是移动平台，因此当预计在下午中旬至傍晚时期时，它们将在预配置的双多普勒网络中使用。 与持续时间有限的现场活动相比，这种灵活性将以低成本和低风险提供全面的数据集。 此外，将同样监视和分析来自ARM SGP站点（Northern OK）的数据。 这两个实验位置均可提供来自风探测仪，垂直指向雷达，气球声音，基于地面的IR/微波剖面以及多个多普勒雷达阵列的全面数据。 更广泛的影响。改善了CI，闪电，恶劣天气（龙卷风）和边界层氛围运输（空气质量）的预测，代表了这项研究的重要社会益处。 测量的全面性质（以及24/7的能力）将增加偶然的科学发现的可能性。 在亨茨维尔和拉蒙特（OK）站点收集的数据以及亨茨维尔（UAH）仪器的阿拉巴马大学将在PI（i）两个研究生级课程，边界层气象和地面遥感中广泛使用； （ii）基于书籍的遥感。 两名UAH研究生和一名博士后同学将积极参与现场活动的各个方面和随后的建模活动。 UAH平台将提供给其他关于相关主题研究兴趣的UAH学生。 该项目将支持和利用MIPS和MAX，在过去的十年中，前者已在许多科学项目中使用。 数据集将促进其他学科，例如前线的中尺度/显微镜结构，严重风暴环境中的重力波，边界层过程以及生物传单的特性。