CAREER: A Novel Approach to Catalysis for Next Generation Direct-Hydrocarbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

职业生涯：下一代直接碳氢化合物固体氧化物燃料电池的催化新方法

• 批准号: 1101814
• 负责人: Steven McIntosh
• 金额: $ 7.4万
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1101814&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Novel; Approach; Catalysis; Next

PROPOSAL NUMBER.: CBET-0643931PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: McIntosh, StevenINSTITUTION: University of VirginiaCAREER: A Novel Approach to Catalysis for Next Generation Direct-Hydrocarbon SolidOxide Fuel Cells Intellectual MeritA number of technologies are under development to increase the efficiency of power generation systems. One of the most promising for large scale and distributed systems is the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). SOFCs utilize an oxygen anion conducting electrolyte and may theoretically operate on any combustible fuel supplied to the fuel electrode, the anode. Current SOFC are unnecessarily restricted to hydrogen fuel due to anode materials limitations. The development of SOFC that efficiently convert both traditional and bio-derived hydrocarbon fuels to electrical power would be of great benefit to society. Progress has been made in developing new oxide-based anodes; however, the catalytic properties of these novel materials are note well understood. A high performance anode material must posses both high oxygen ion and electron conductivity and catalytic activity towards fuel oxidation. The overall research goal is to understand the coupled ion transport and catalytic processes occurring in complex oxides and relate these to the material structure and composition.Three distinct approaches will be taken. First, a pulse reactor technique will be utilized to investigate the nature of the active site and reaction mechanism for hydrocarbon oxidation on novel SOFC anode materials. Second, thin film electrodes with well defined structure, composition and geometry will be fabricated and operated as model SOFCs. Combined electrochemical and catalytic measurements on these model systems will investigate the influence of applied potential, film microstructure and ionic flux on the surface reaction rate and mechanism. Finally, lab-scale SOFCs will be fabricated to demonstrate the application of this technology and relate fuel cell performance to the fundamental anode material properties. The work will be supplemented by detailed characterization of the microstructure and composition of the material surface and bulk.Broader ImpactThe proposed research is integrated with an educational component that incorporates energy technology education into the University of Virginia curriculum. A senior level undergraduate course will be developed that explores both technological and societal issues surrounding energy use. This will be supplemented by a new undergraduate laboratory fuel cell experiment. A freshman engineering course will allow students to design and build novel energy-related devices. The students will present their work at university open days to share their ideas and designs with the public. In addition, the graduate chemical reaction engineering class will be revised to include the fundamental concepts behind emerging energy technologies.The development of an efficient direct-hydrocarbon fuel cell will have a significant impact upon energy production in the US. The final research goal of producing a lab-scale fuel cell operating on readily available fuels will provide immediate outreach to the public through a tangible scientific discovery. Understanding coupled transport and catalysis in oxides has broader application in the fields of chemical sensors, dense oxide membranes and the emerging field of nano-ionics.

提案编号：CBET-0643931原理研究者：McIntosh，Stevenininstitution：Viriniacareer大学：下一代直接 - 氢化碳固体燃料电池的新型方法知识型技术正在开发中，以提高发电系统的效率。大规模和分布式系统最有希望的是固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）。 SOFC利用电解质的氧阴离子，理论上可以在提供给燃料电极阳极的任何可燃燃料上运行。由于阳极材料的限制，当前的SOFC不必要地限于氢燃料。有效地将传统和生物衍生的碳氢化合物燃料转换为电力的SOFC的开发对社会有很大的好处。 开发新的基于氧化物的阳极方面取得了进展。然而，这些新材料的催化特性值得注意。高性能阳极材料必须具有高氧离子和电子电导率和催化活性对燃料氧化。总体研究目标是了解复杂氧化物中发生的离子运输和催化过程，并将其与材料结构和组成相关联。将采取三种不同的方法。首先，将利用一种脉冲反应器技术研究活性位点的性质和反应机制，用于新型SOFC阳极材料上的烃氧化。其次，将薄膜电极具有明确的结构，组成和几何形状，并作为模型SOFC制造并操作。这些模型系统上的电化学和催化测量的组合将研究应用电位，膜微结构和离子通量对表面反应速率和机制的影响。最后，将制造实验室规模的SOFC来证明该技术的应用，并将燃料电池性能与基本阳极材料属性相关联。这项工作将通过对材料表面和批量的微观结构和组成的详细表征来补充。BoaderImpact拟议的研究与将能源技术教育纳入弗吉尼亚大学课程的教育组成部分集成在一起。将开发一门高级本科课程，探讨围绕能源​​使用的技术和社会问题。这将通过一个新的本科实验室燃料电池实验来补充。大一新生的工程课程将使学生可以设计和构建与能源相关的新型设备。学生将在大学开放日展示他们的作品，以与公众分享他们的想法和设计。此外，研究生化学反应工程类别将进行修订，以包括新兴能源技术背后的基本概念。有效的直接氢化碳燃料电池的开发将对美国的能源产生产生重大影响。在随时可用的燃料上生产实验室规模的燃料电池的最终研究目标将通过有形的科学发现为公众提供立即向公众提供。 了解氧化物中的耦合转运和催化在化学传感器，致密氧化物膜和纳米离子学的新兴领域的领域中更广泛地应用。