Scattering in Ultracold Samples

超冷样品中的散射

• 批准号: 1101254
• 负责人: Robin Cote
• 金额: $ 26.1万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1101254&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scattering; Ultracold; Samples

Ultracold atoms are excellent probes with which to make precise measurements. Because ultracold atoms are very slow (with temperature now reaching a few billionths of a degree above absolute zero), they are very sensitive to weak interactions. During the past few years, major progress in the manipulation of atoms and ions (i.e. atoms that lost or gained extra electrons) has led to a revolution in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical (AMO) Physics, with discoveries of new phases on matter, and application ranging from more precise clocks to quantum computing and cryptography. This research program initiates a new effort in our understanding and, ultimately, control of the interaction between ultracold atoms and ions. For example, one aim of this research is to manipulate individual particles so that an electron jumps (or not) at will between an ion and a neutral atoms. This level of control depends on a precise understanding of the minute interactions between particles, and with their environment (such as magnetic fields), and will impact research for more precise time-standards, and our ability to engineer setups mimicking very complex systems, such as quantum diffusion or superconductivity.Although it is always difficult to "predict" the broader impact of any research program, a better understanding of ultracold systems containing a few charged particles will impact not only the development of new frequency standards and quantum information processing, but also many aspects relevant to other fields in science (the application of the results will be relevant to plasma physics, condensed matter physics, chemical physics, information science, etc.). In addition, this activity will promote teaching and training at all levels, from K-12 to the graduate level, and thus help in our goal of maintaining a highly trained workforce for the future.

超低原子是进行精确测量的出色探针。由于超低原子非常慢（现在温度达到了超过绝对零的数十亿分之一），因此它们对弱相互作用非常敏感。在过去的几年中，在原子和离子（即丢失或获得额外电子的原子）操纵方面取得了重大进展，导致了原子，分子和光学（AMO）物理学的革命，并且在物质上发现了新阶段，并且从更精确的时钟到量子计算和密码学。该研究计划在我们的理解中启动了一项新的努力，并最终控制了超低原子与离子之间的相互作用。例如，这项研究的目的是操纵单个颗粒，以便电子在离子和中性原子之间的意愿（或不跳）。这种控制水平取决于对颗粒之间的微小相互作用及其环境（例如磁场）的精确理解，并且会影响更精确的时间标准的研究，以及我们设计的设置能够模仿非常复杂的系统，例如量子扩散或超导性，例如，始终难以理解的是，始终会影响任何范围的范围。新的频率标准和量子信息处理，以及与科学其他领域有关的许多方面（结果的应用将与等离子物理学，凝结物理学，化学物理，信息科学等有关）。此外，这项活动将促进从K-12到研究生层面的各个层次的教学和培训，从而有助于我们为未来训练有素的劳动力。