Studies of Nuclear Reactions and Structure

核反应和结构研究

• 批准号: 1064819
• 负责人: Samuel Tabor
• 金额: $ 507.5万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1064819&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Nuclear; Reactions; Structure

This project focuses on fundamental research in nuclear physics structure and reactions. Much of the experimental work will be done in the John D. Fox Superconducting Laboratory on the Florida State University campus. The facility consists of a 9 MegaVolt tandem Van de Graaff accelerator and a superconducting.Linear Accelerator booster, the RESOLUT rare ion capability, and an array of high-resolution Compton-suppressed gamma detectors. Beams from the accelerator system will also be used for two separately funded experiments - the ANASEN cylindrical active target detector (in collaboration with physicists at Louisiana State University) and a precision Rutherford back scattering system for characterizing materials in surface science (in collaboration with the FSU National High Magnetic Field Laboratory).Much of the research to be performed under this grant will address important issues in astrophysics, such as the role of Nova explosions in nucleosynthesis and what the properties of very neutron-rich nuclei on and near the expected path of the rapid neutron capture (r) process tell us about the sites and conditions of this process which produced about 1/3 of the nuclei with atomic weights above 60. Other nuclear structure issues to be studied include how the shell structure changes with large neutron excess, complete spectroscopy in the Tungsten and Mercury isotopes, very light particle-unstable nuclei, and rotational bands in trans-Fermium nuclei. Another part of the program involves study of the properties of the quark-gluon plasma with heavy flavor probes using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC).These studies should improve the understanding of astrophysics, which depends in part on knowledge of nuclear structure and reactions. The influence should be strongest on the more exotic processes, which have produced many of the elements in the universe. Studies at RHIC probe the conditions at the beginning of the universe.Our research group is very dedicated to providing scientific exposure and training to K-12 students, as well as undergraduates and graduate students. We present many tours of the laboratory, organize a Saturday Morning Physics lecture/demonstration program, provide real laboratory experience for high school juniors in a science summer school, judge science fairs, and make presentations to local schools. The quality of our training of Ph.D. graduate students goes well beyond the numbers of about 3 per year. This is because the hands-on experience graduate students get in our laboratory provides them with the best possible training in all high-tech aspects of the laboratory experience. Besides the more obvious skills in designing, preparing, performing, and analyzing nuclear physics experiments, students in our laboratory participate in everything from working inside the tandem accelerator, operating the superconducting LINAC, state-of-the-art electronics, cryogenics to high-vacuum technology. As a result, our graduates are highly employable and make valuable contributions to research, education, homeland defense, national security, medicine, and industry.

该项目着重于核物理结构和反应的基本研究。 大部分实验性工作将在佛罗里达州立大学校园的John D. Fox超导实验室中完成。 该设施由9兆瓦的串联Van de Graaff加速器和一个超导体组成。线性加速器助推器，分辨率稀有离子能力以及一系列高分辨率康普顿支持的γ探测器。 Beams from the accelerator system will also be used for two separately funded experiments - the ANASEN cylindrical active target detector (in collaboration with physicists at Louisiana State University) and a precision Rutherford back scattering system for characterizing materials in surface science (in collaboration with the FSU National High Magnetic Field Laboratory).Much of the research to be performed under this grant will address important issues in astrophysics, such as the role of Nova核合成中的爆炸以及在快速中子捕获（R）过程的预期路径（R）过程中非常富含中子的核的特性告诉我们有关该过程的位点和条件，该过程产生了约1/3的原子量，其原子量与60的原子量高于60的原子量。粒子不稳定的核和反式纤维核中的旋转带。 该程序的另一部分涉及研究使用近粒探测器在相对论重离子碰撞器（RHIC）的夸克 - 胶原等离子体的性质。这些研究应提高对天体物理学的理解，部分取决于对核结构和反应的了解。 影响在更异国情调的过程中应该是最大的，这些过程产生了宇宙中的许多元素。 RHIC的研究探究了宇宙开头的条件。我们的研究小组非常致力于为K-12学生以及本科生和研究生提供科学的曝光和培训。 我们介绍了许多实验室的旅行，组织了周六早上的物理演讲/示范计划，为科学暑期学校的高中生提供了真正的实验室经验，科学法官法官，并向当地学校进行演讲。我们博士培训的质量研究生远远超出了每年约3人的数量。 这是因为动手经验的研究生进入我们的实验室，为他们提供了实验室经验的所有高科技方面的最佳培训。 除了在设计，准备，执行和分析核物理实验方面具有更明显的技能外，我们实验室中的学生还参与了所有工作，从串联加速器内部工作，运营超导Linac，最先进的电子产品，低温，低谷技术到高空Vacuum技术。 结果，我们的毕业生非常可就业，并为研究，教育，国土防御，国家安全，医学和工业做出了宝贵的贡献。