IRFP: Air-sea Fluxes of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds for Improving Transfer Velocity Parameterizations and Constraining Oceanic Budgets

IRFP：含氧挥发性有机化合物的海气通量，用于提高传输速度参数化和限制海洋预算

• 批准号: 1064405
• 负责人: Mingxi Yang
• 金额: $ 17.92万
• 依托单位: Yang Mingxi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1064405&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IRFP; Air; sea; Fluxes; Oxygenated

1064405YangThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad. This award will support a twenty-four-month research fellowship by Dr. Mingxi Yang to work with Dr. Phillip Nightingale at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) in Plymouth and Professor Peter Liss at University of East Anglia (UEA) in Norwich, the United Kingdom. Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (OVOCs), such as alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, affect the self-cleansing capacity of the atmosphere. The role of the ocean in global budgets of OVOCS remains largely unexplored, mostly due to a paucity of observations in the absence of suitable analytical capabilities. Limited evidence suggests that the ocean is a sink for atmospheric methanol and can act as either a source or a sink for acetone. There is likely to be considerable variability in space and time in the surface water distributions of these compounds, indicating an urgent need for more frequent field observations. PML and UEA have recently developed instrumentations (Flame Ionization Detector - Gas Chromatography (FID-GC)) and Membrane Inlet - Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS)) that can measure a range of OVOCs in air and seawater. With fast sampling capability and rapid response, the PTR-MS is theoretically suitable for measuring the fluxes of OVOCs between air and water directly. This research utilizes these new instrumentations to not only increase the very limited database of seawater and marine air concentrations of OVOCs, but also attempt to measure their air-sea fluxes and determine whether the ocean acts as a source or sink for these compounds. Fluxes of OVOCs with concurrent carbon dioxide (CO2) flux at a stable costal platform are compared, as are measurements from an open ocean research cruise with estimates from a bulk flux model. This research proposes to characterize the role of the ocean for organic compounds directly relevant to air quality, and also improve our understanding in the air-sea exchange of climatically important gases, especially CO2. The ocean has thus far buffered our atmosphere from even higher levels of CO2 and greater warming. Policies on climate change mitigation, which would affect the well being of everybody, hinge on knowing how fast CO2 is transported from the atmosphere to the ocean. Finally, in addition to broadening the research perspective of the principal investigator and foster future collaborations, this project provides potential opportunities for training of a student and external outreach.

1064405年国际研究奖学金计划使美国的科学家和工程师能够在国外进行九至二十四个月的研究。该计划的奖项为联合研究提供了机会，以及在国外使用独特或补充设施，专业知识和实验条件。该奖项将支持Mingxi Yang博士的二十四个月研究奖学金，与位于普利茅斯的普利茅斯海洋实验室（PML）的Phillip Nightingale博士和位于英国诺威奇的东英吉利大学（UEA）的Peter Liss教授。含氧挥发性有机化合物（OVOC）（例如醇，醛和酮）会影响大气的自我清洁能力。 海洋在全球卵子预算中的作用在很大程度上尚未探索，这主要是由于缺乏合适的分析能力的情况下的观察结果很少。 有限的证据表明，海洋是大气甲醇的水槽，可以充当丙酮的来源或水槽。 这些化合物的地表水分布中的空间和时间可能存在很大的变化，这表明迫切需要更频繁的现场观测。 PML和UEA最近开发了仪器（火焰电离探测器 - 气相色谱（FID -GC））和膜入口 - 质子转移反应质谱仪（PTR -MS），可以测量空气和海水中的一系列OVOC。 通过快速采样能力和快速响应，PTR-MS理论上适合直接测量空气和水之间的椭圆形通量。 这项研究利用这些新仪器不仅增加了非常有限的海水数据库和海洋空气浓度的OVOC，而且还试图测量其空气通量，并确定海洋是否充当这些化合物的来源或下沉。 比较了稳定的costal平台上具有并发二氧化碳（CO2）通量的OVOC的通量，开放海洋研究巡航的测量值也是散装通量模型的估计。 这项研究建议表征海洋在与空气质量直接相关的有机化合物中的作用，并提高我们对空气海洋对气候重要的气体（尤其是CO2）的了解。 因此，海洋已经从更高水平的二氧化碳和更大的变暖中缓冲了我们的气氛。 关于缓解气候变化的政策，这将影响每个人的福祉，并取决于知道二氧化碳从大气传输到海洋的速度。 最后，除了扩大主要研究者的研究观点并培养未来的合作外，该项目还为培训学生和外部外展提供了潜在的机会。