Basic mechanisms of biological sensing and actuation in plants

植物生物传感和驱动的基本机制

• 批准号: 1064160
• 负责人: Alexandre Volkov
• 金额: $ 35.22万
• 依托单位: Oakwood College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1064160&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Basic; mechanisms; biological; sensing; actuation

1064160VolkovThe intellectual merit of the proposed activity: The goal of this project is to determine the ioelectrochemical mechanisms of acquisition of external stimuli by plants, its transduction into electrical signals, memorizing and/or transferring these signals, and actuation of mechanical and chemical devices for defense or attack. We will study mechanosensory effects and propagation of electric potentials in plants. We will use novel non-invasive methods together with physiologically active agents that can give insight into mechanisms of different steps of signal transduction and responses in plant kingdom. This field has both theoretical and practical significance because these sensory systems employ new principles of stimuli reception and signal transduction and play a very important role in the life of plants. These principles are still very poorly understood. Our project exploits a new approach to plant biosensing. This integral project includes the development of a new low current measurement system; conduction of very delicate electrical and mechanical experimental studies of plant sensors; and development of new mathematical model of sensors in plants, while providing new understanding of basic mechanisms of biological sensing and actuation in plants. In the future refined plant sensors could find even broader application for monitoring atmospheric phenomena, acid rains, pesticides, heavy metal pollutants, molecular recognition of the direction of light and thermal shocks. Our current specific aims are as follows: 1) Studying mechanical plant sensors; 2)Studying passive and active electrical circuitry of plant sensors; 3) Studying mechanisms of actuation of mechanical devices in plants, delay lines and electrical memory; 4) Further development of the basic hydroelastic model of the Venus flytrap hunting; 5) Broadening the participation of individuals from underrepresented groups in the areas of physical, chemical, and bioengineering sciences supported by the NSF. These fundamental multidisciplinary studies are expected to demonstrate mechanisms of plants biosensing from electrical signal transduction to cascades of cellular events. The broader impact resulting from the proposed activity: Our project will open a new field of plant sensors engineering with dramatically increasing of sensitivity of new types of biosensors. This project also has important educational benefits for students in multidisciplinary education through research at the interfaces of plant biology, biophysics, biochemistry and electrical engineering. Such approach not only contributes to basic knowledge in science but provides an opportunity to integrate research and education. This project will attract new students from underrepresented groups in science through research opportunities. The main educational impact of this project would be providing research opportunities for undergraduate students at Oakwood University, a Historically Black College and University, who are enrolled in a joint engineering degree program with the University of Alabama in Huntsville. At the present time we have three female and one male African-American student in the ?Research and Independent Study? program who will be included to our new Sensors project.

1064160Volkov所提出的活动的知识优点：该项目的目的是确定植物通过植物对外部刺激获取的ioelectroChemical化学机制，其转导向电信号，记忆和/或传递这些信号，以及对防御或发作的机械和化学驱动器的致动。我们将研究植物中电势的机械增强作用和传播。我们将使用新颖的非侵入性方法以及生理活性的药物，可以深入了解植物王国中信号转导和反应的不同步骤的机制。该领域具有理论和实践意义，因为这些感觉系统采用了刺激接收和信号转导的新原理，并且在植物的生命中起着非常重要的作用。这些原则仍然非常了解。我们的项目利用了一种新的植物生物传感方法。这个整体项目包括开发新的低电流测量系统；传导植物传感器的非常精致的电和机械实验研究；以及开发植物中传感器的新数学模型，同时对植物中生物传感和促进的基本机制提供了新的理解。在将来，精致的植物传感器可能会发现更广泛的应用，以监测大气现象，酸雨，农药，重金属污染物，分子识别光和热冲击方向。我们目前的特定目的如下：1）研究机械植物传感器； 2）研究植物传感器的被动和主动电路； 3）研究植物，延迟线和电气记忆中机械设备致动的机制； 4）进一步开发金星捕捞捕捞的基本水力弹性模型； 5）扩大了代表性不足的群体在NSF支持的物理，化学和生物工程科学领域的参与。这些基本的多学科研究有望证明植物的机制，从电信号转导到细胞事件的级联反应。拟议活动所产生的更广泛的影响：我们的项目将开放一个新的植物传感器工程领域，并急剧提高新型生物传感器的敏感性。该项目还通过在植物生物学，生物物理学，生物化学和电气工程的界面进行研究，对多学科教育的学生具有重要的教育益处。这种方法不仅有助于科学的基础知识，而且为整合研究和教育提供了机会。该项目将通过研究机会吸引科学领域代表性不足小组的新学生。该项目的主要教育影响是为奥克伍德大学（Oakwood University），一所历史悠久的黑人学院和大学提供研究机会，他们在亨茨维尔的阿拉巴马大学参加了联合工程学位课程。目前，我们在研究和独立研究中有三名女性和一名非裔美国人学生？计划将被包括在我们的新传感器项目中。