Collaborative Research: Thunderstorm Influences on Lightning and Atmospheric Chemistry in Oklahoma and North Texas during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) Project

合作研究：深对流云和化学 (DC3) 项目期间雷暴对俄克拉荷马州和德克萨斯州北部闪电和大气化学的影响

• 批准号: 1063945
• 负责人: Donald MacGorman
• 金额: $ 49.69万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1063945&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Thunderstorm; Influences; Lightning

The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign to be conducted May-June 2012 is a multi-regional, multi-platform effort to determine the impact of deep midlatitude continental convective clouds and their intrinsic dynamical, microphysical, and electrification processes upon upper tropospheric composition and chemistry. This award will support collection and analysis of surface mesonet data in tandem with lightning mapping array (LMA) and in-situ balloon-borne measurements characterizing the electrical and microphysical behavior of thunderstorm systems within the Oklahoma-Texas subregion of DC3. This work will be done in coordination with airborne atmospheric chemistry measurements from by a specially instrumented NSF/NCAR GV high-altitude jet and NASA DC-8 platform. LMA data will be obtained from both an existing Oklahoma array and a planned west-Texas network. Mobile ballooning teams will work in close coordination with other NSF-supported investigators to obtain convective updraft profiles of electric fields, thermodynamics, airflow and videosonde measurements of hydrometeor size, shape, phase and number density and to interpret these measurements within the context of both fixed-based and mobile polarimetric radar observations.The intellectual merit of this research derives from improved understanding of processes influencing lightning rates and structure (viz. channel lengths, structure and three-dimensional distribution) and storm-scale electric field polarity as a function of storm lifecycle and in relation to storm kinematic/microphysical properties, which will in-turn allow improved estimation lightning-induced NOx production and associated chemical transformations pivotal to DC3 program objectives. These measurements will also support improved numerical storm simulations through more accurate specification of storm environment and distribution of various hydrometeors throughout electrically active clouds. Broader impacts will accrue through both graduate and undergraduate student education within a field-project setting, via public outreach, by aiding operational forecasters in the interpretation of total lightning mapping data as anticipated from the GOES-R satellite, and ultimately through improved knowledge of the influence of deep atmospheric convection on the chemical composition of earth's atmosphere in the presence of natural and anthropogenic emissions.

深层对流云与化学（DC3）现场运动将于2012年5月至6月进行，是一种多区域的多平台努力，旨在确定深层中纬度大陆对流云及其内在动力学，微物理和电气化过程对对流层组成和化学的影响。 该奖项将支持和分析与闪电映射阵列（LMA）以及俄克拉荷马州Texas texas dc3子区内雷暴系统的电和微物理行为的闪电映射阵列（LMA）和原位气球 - 播种型测量值的收集和分析。 这项工作将与特殊仪器的NSF/NCAR GV高空喷射和NASA DC-8平台的空气中大气化学测量进行协调。 LMA数据将从现有的俄克拉荷马州阵列和计划的West-Texas网络中获得。 移动气球团队将与其他NSF支持的调查人员密切合作，以获得对流的电场，热力学，气流和视频的高度上升概况，并测量了水力播放器的大小，形状，相位密度和数量密度，并解释了这些在固定和移动的雷达范围内的测量。结构（即通道的长度，结构和三维分布）和风暴尺度的电场极性与风暴生命周期的关系以及与风暴运动学/微物理特性有关，这将逐渐逐渐融合，可以改善估计雷克斯诱导的NOX产生和相关的化学转化与DC3程序目标有关。 这些测量值还将通过更准确的风暴环境规范和在电动云中的各种水星的分布进行更准确的规范来支持改进的数值风暴模拟。 通过公共外展，通过公开外展，通过帮助操作预报员来解释总闪电映射数据，从GOOS-R-R卫星预期的数据来解释，并最终通过提高深度大气对流对地球化学氛围的影响力的影响，从而提高了更广泛的影响。