Collaborative Research Type 2 - MOBY: Modeling Ocean Variability and Biogeochemical Cycles

合作研究类型 2 - MOBY：模拟海洋变化和生物地球化学循环

• 批准号: 1048944
• 负责人: William Large
• 金额: $ 100.87万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1048944&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Type; MOBY; Modeling

Intellectual Merit: This project (MOBY) focuses on decadal predictability of the ocean component of the climate system, both in its physical and biogeochemical aspects. It will advance understanding of the coupled physical, chemical and biological processes in the ocean that respond to, and feedback on, the global climate. Physical and biogeochemical activity on the mesoscale, the scale at which most of the kinetic energy in the ocean resides, is thought to play a major role in controlling the ability of the ocean to sequester heat and carbon in to its interior on interannual to decadal timescales. The mesoscale and its interaction with biogeochemical cycles must therefore be either resolved, or understood and parameterized, before we can have confidence in decadal climate predictions. The current generation of ocean climate models, however, do not resolve the mesoscale, and, if they represent biogeochemistry at all, only a few 'compartments' are included.To address this challenge, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research, propose a multi-scale modeling approach in which regional, high-resolution models are embedded in global, coarser-scale ocean models. The resulting numerical 'zoom lenses' will be deployed in key regions of climate variability in an attempt to resolve the mesoscale and submesoscale environment experienced by ocean ecosystems, but embedded in a global model. Then, models of biogeochemical cycles will be overlain to study the interaction of ecosystems with fully-resolved mesoscale turbulence. 'Self-assembling' ecosystem models will be employed that have the capacity to represent the response of the ecosystem to the changing environment and modes of variability. Finally, the integrated effects on heat/carbon uptake, and ecosystem community structure will be studied. The global context of these calculations will allow plausible inferences to be made about the rectified effects of mesoscale physical, chemical and biological interactions and inform strategies to parameterize them in the coarser-resolution coupled climate models used in projections of decadal variability and climate change.These overlapping activities will be focused on three regions of strong natural variability where there is vigorous small-scale variability: the equatorial Pacific, the Southern Ocean and the subtropical northwest Atlantic. The associated modes of variability are ENSO, the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), respectively. Broader Impacts: The proposed research is key to our understanding and modeling the ocean and life within it, the evolution of life within the ocean over earth history, the global cycle of carbon and nutrients, the conservation and exploitation of the ocean's natural resources, management of fisheries, geoengineering (to inform decisions about the pros and cons of attempting to ameliorate anthropogenic impacts) and ocean acidification, among many other grand challenges. These collaborative efforts will provide training and learning opportunities to the graduate and undergraduate students participating in the research. A current Ph.D. student in the MIT/WHOI Joint Program will be supported by this project, along with two further students. The investigators will also attempt to entrain undergraduates into the project through the WHOI Summer Student Fellowship/NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates program. Finally, in addition to yearly group meetings of the project participants (students, post-docs and scientists from the three collaborating institutions), two-day 'community workshops' in years 2 and 4 of the project will be held to inform, and be informed by a wider group of scientists working on the broad science themes embraced by the MOBY project.

知识分子的优点：该项目（Moby）着重于气候系统的海洋组成部分的十年可预测性，无论是其物理和生物地球化学方面。它将提高人们对全球气候反应和反馈的海洋中物理，化学和生物学过程的了解。中尺度上的物理和生物地球化学活性是海洋中大多数动能所居住的规模，被认为在控制海洋在年间到衰老时尺度上隔离海洋的热量和碳的能力中起着重要作用。因此，在我们对际气候预测有信心之前，必须解决，理解和参数化的中尺度及其与生物地球化学周期的相互作用。然而，目前的海洋气候模型无法解决中尺度，如果它们完全代表生物地球化学，仅包括一些“隔间”。为了应对这一挑战，马萨诸塞州技术研究所的科学家，伍德斯洞孔海洋学机构，伍德斯孔海洋学机构，大气研究中的国家模型，是较高的模型，是较高的模型，是较高的模型，是较高的模型，是较高的模型。型号。由此产生的数值“变焦镜头”将部署在气候变异性的关键区域中，以解决海洋生态系统所经历的中尺度和子尺度环境，但嵌入了全球模型中。然后，生物地球化学周期的模型将被覆盖，以研究生态系统与完全分辨的中尺度湍流的相互作用。将采用“自组装”生态系统模型，以代表生态系统对不断变化的环境和可变性方式的响应。最后，将研究对热量/碳吸收的综合影响以及生态系统社区结构。这些计算的全球环境将使对中尺度物理，化学和生物学相互作用的整流影响做出可行的推论，并为它们在较粗的耦合气候模型中参数化，以参数为参数，用于衰减变化的预测和气候变化的预测，这些重叠活动将集中在三个区域，而较小的天然巨大的大海域则是强大的繁重的繁重的势力，是巨大的繁重的势力，是巨大的繁重的繁重的繁殖，是繁重的，是巨大的巨大范围。亚热带西北大西洋。相关的可变性模式分别是ENSO，南环模式（SAM）和北大西洋振荡（NAO）。 更广泛的影响：拟议的研究是我们理解和建模海洋和生命的关键，地球历史上海洋中的生命的演变，碳和养分的全球循环，对海洋自然资源的保护和剥削，对渔业的管理，地球工程的管理，地球工程，企图挑战众多人类酸化的挑战），以挑战势力。这些协作工作将为参加研究的研究生和本科生提供培训和学习机会。当前博士麻省理工学院/WHOI联合计划的学生将得到该项目的支持，还有另外两个学生。调查人员还将试图通过WHOI夏季学生奖学金/NSF研究经验来吸引本科生。最后，除了在项目参与者的年度小组会议上（三个合作机构的学生，职位后和科学家）外，该项目2年和第4年的为期两天的“社区讲习班”将举行，并由Moby Project在广泛的科学主题上工作的更广泛的科学家提供信息。