Collaborative Research: CAMEO: Comparative analyses of natural and human influences on coral reef community structure, diversity, and resilience

合作研究：CAMEO：自然和人类对珊瑚礁群落结构、多样性和恢复力影响的比较分析

• 批准号: 1041705
• 负责人: Stephanie Hampton
• 金额: $ 4.16万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1041705&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CAMEO; Comparative; analyses

Coral reefs are among the most diverse and productive marine ecosystems, but are also among the most threatened by human activities. At the local scale, fishing and land-based sources of pollution can directly alter the structure of reef communities, and at the global scale, the effects of climate change and ocean acidification are expected to impose episodic and chronic stresses to even the most remote reefs. To most effectively implement ecosystem approaches to the management of coral reefs, it is critical to understand the pathway by which reef health is degraded and the functional consequences of these changes. The Pacific Islands region forms the nation's largest management area, and includes many of the most biologically diverse and pristine coral reef ecosystems. Monitoring programs within NOAA provide a time series of methodologically consistent data with which to use comparative approaches to address fundamental questions of the role of ecosystem organization and structure in maintaining ecosystem resilience. The sampling design spans across space, time and multiple gradients of anthropogenic disturbance allowing for replicated tests of the effects of local versus global stressors on the current status and recovery of these systems from human disturbances. Analysis of these data will provide an unprecedented view of how anthropogenic activities affect coral reef community structure, diversity, and dynamics in the U.S. Pacific. These will focus on coral reef community structure, diversity, and ecosystem resilience to 1) document the status and variability of U.S. Pacific coral reef community structure; 2) advance understanding of the complex dynamics controlling coral reef ecosystems; and 3) develop effective density- and diversity-based indicators of reef ecosystem health. A collaboration between Scripps Institution of Oceanography and NOAA will provide skills and resources to conduct comparative analyses and syntheses of some of the most unique, taxonomically thorough and geographically extensive data from coral reefs of the U.S. The investigators will integrate existing Pacific interdisciplinary ecosystem observations, including habitat, biological, physical, and biogeochemical data, with newly collected socioeconomic data using a tailored suite of statistical approaches.In addition to outreach through a series of primary publications, results will have broad impacts through training of graduate and undergraduate students as well as communication with governmental, non-profit, and academic coral reef interest groups, providing specific recommendations to increase the efficacy of management policies and practices. By investigating patterns of similarity and difference among geographic regions, region-specific scientific advice will be provided to improve management efficacy at local, regional, and national levels. Results will also be directly incorporated into comprehensive Coral Reef Ecosystem Monitoring Reports for each U.S. Pacific Islands region that are aimed specifically at resource managers to facilitate implementation of ecosystem approaches in regional management plans.

珊瑚礁是最多样化，生产性的海洋生态系统之一，但也是人类活动受到的最威胁之一。在当地规模上，捕鱼和陆基污染的来源可以直接改变礁石群落的结构，在全球范围内，预计气候变化和海洋酸化的影响也会对最偏远的礁石施加偶发性和慢性压力。为了最有效地实施珊瑚礁管理的生态系统方法，了解珊瑚礁健康的降级以及这些变化的功能后果至关重要。太平洋岛屿地区构成了美国最大的管理区，其中包括许多生物学上最多样化和原始的珊瑚礁生态系统。 NOAA中的监视程序提供了一个时间序列的方法一致的数据，可以使用比较方法来解决生态系统组织和结构在维持生态系统弹性方面的作用的基本问题。采样设计跨越空间，时间和人为障碍的多个梯度跨越，可以重复测试局部压力源对当前状态和这些系统从人体干扰中恢复的影响和恢复。对这些数据的分析将提供前所未有的观点，即人为活动如何影响珊瑚礁社区的结构，多样性和动态。这些将着重于珊瑚礁社区的结构，多样性和生态系统的韧性1）记录美国太平洋珊瑚礁社区结构的状态和变异性； 2）提前了解控制珊瑚礁生态系统的复杂动力学； 3）开发有效的基于密度和多样性的礁生态系统健康指标。 Scripps海洋学机构与NOAA之间的合作将提供技能和资源，以进行比较分析和合成，对美国珊瑚礁的某些最独特，最详尽和地理上广泛的数据进行比较，研究人员将整合现有的Pacific Pacific Interdiargiary Secosystem，包括使用习惯，生物学，态度和生物学的数据，以及新的生物学，以及新的生物学，以及新的生物学，以及新型的生物学，以及新型的生物学，以及新型的数据。统计方法。除了通过一系列主要出版物的宣传外，结果将通过培训研究生和本科生以及与政府，非营利性和学术珊瑚礁利益小组的沟通产生广泛的影响，从而提供了具体建议，以提高管理政策和实践的功效。通过调查地理区域之间相似性和差异的模式，将提供特定于地区的科学建议，以提高本地，地区和国家一级的管理功效。结果还将直接纳入每个美国太平洋岛屿地区的综合珊瑚礁生态系统监测报告中，这些报告专门针对资源管理者，以促进区域管理计划中的生态系统方法的实施。