Collaborative Research: EAGER: Genomic insights into microbial mat diveristy and Proterozoic geobiology

合作研究：EAGER：微生物垫多样性和元古代地球生物学的基因组见解

• 批准号: 1035955
• 负责人: Gregory Dick
• 金额: $ 7.85万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-15 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1035955&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAGER; Genomic; insights

Cyanobacterial mats were critical in the evolution of Earth?s chemistry and biology. They have long been recognized as drivers of the ?great oxidation event? (GOE), and may have also perpetuated a prolonged period of intermediate redox state in the early Earth's time period call the Proterozoic. However, the types of cyanobacteria that could have mediated such geochemical transitions are poorly understood because whereas Proterozoic oceans were characterized by low oxygen, stratified and/or fluctuating redox conditions, oxygen is required by most modern cyanobacteria studied to date. Further, traditional tools used for study of microbial mats provide limited information regarding metabolic or physiological diversity of cyanobacteria. In this proposal, the PIs propose an exploratory project that will combine cutting-edge single-cell and community genome sequencing technologies with elemental and isotopic geochemistry to address questions focused on facultatively oxygenic/anoxygenic cyanobacteria dominating modern microbial mats that are excellent analogs of Proterozoic mat ecosystems. This EAGER proposal is motivated by two recent, disparate developments that together provide unique opportunities to investigate metabolically versatile cyanobacteria: (i) discovery of an easily accessible modern mat ecosystem in northern Lake Huron that is a novel analog of Proterozoic geochemistry and biology, and (ii) the advent of new genome sequencing technologies that enable unprecedented insights into uncultivated single cells as well as whole microbial communities.Broader Impacts: Undergraduate students will conduct the primary research focused on physiology (GVSU) and geochemistry (UM) and a PhD student will lead the genomics effort (UM). The discovery-driven and exploratory nature of this project provides outstanding opportunities for translating research into educational opportunities and public outreach. The PIs will take advantage of video resources (underwater dive footage, microscopic cell separations), time-lapse photography of motility, and recent coverage on the Discovery Channel (http://watch.discoverychannel.ca/daily-planet/september-2009/daily-planet-september-22-2009/#clip216315) and local news stations to develop multi-media materials (?microbes in motion? and ?laser roundup? movies). These will be integrated into outreach activities at UM and GVSU, and geobiology exhibits at TBNMS?s Visitor Center.

蓝藻垫对于地球化学和生物学的进化至关重要。它们长期以来一直被认为是“大氧化事件”的驱动因素。 （GOE），并且可能在地球早期（称为元古代）持续了一段长时间的中间氧化还原状态。然而，人们对能够介导这种地球化学转变的蓝藻类型知之甚少，因为元古代海洋的特点是低氧、分层和/或波动的氧化还原条件，而迄今为止研究的大多数现代蓝藻都需要氧气。此外，用于研究微生物垫的传统工具提供的有关蓝藻代谢或生理多样性的信息有限。在该提案中，PI 提出了一个探索性项目，将尖端的单细胞和群落基因组测序技术与元素和同位素地球化学相结合，以解决以兼性产氧/缺氧蓝藻为主的现代微生物垫的问题，这些微生物垫是元古代微生物垫的极好类似物。生态系统。这项 EAGER 提案的动机是最近两项不同的发展，这两项发展共同为研究代谢多功能蓝细菌提供了独特的机会：（i）在休伦湖北部发现了一个易于访问的现代垫生态系统，这是元古代地球化学和生物学的新模拟，以及（ ii) 新的基因组测序技术的出现，使人们能够对未培养的单细胞以及整个微生物群落有了前所未有的了解。更广泛的影响：本科生将进行以生理学为重点的主要研究（GVSU）和地球化学（UM）以及一名博士生将领导基因组学工作（UM）。该项目的发现驱动和探索性质为将研究转化为教育机会和公共宣传提供了绝佳的机会。 PI 将利用视频资源（水下潜水镜头、显微细胞分离）、运动延时摄影以及探索频道的最新报道 (http://watch.discoverychannel.ca/daily-planet/september-2009 /daily-planet-september-22-2009/#clip216315）和当地新闻台开发多媒体材料（“运动中的微生物”和？激光综述？电影）。这些活动将纳入 UM 和 GVSU 的外展活动以及 TBNMS 游客中心的地球生物学展览。