RAPID: Geotechnical Engineering Reconnaissance of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake

RAPID：2010年海地地震岩土工程勘察

• 批准号: 1025582
• 负责人: Ellen Rathje
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1025582&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Geotechnical; Engineering; Reconnaissance; 2010

On January 12, 2010 a magnitude Mw 7.0 earthquake struck the Port-au-Prince region of Haiti. The earthquake epicenter is located at 18.457N 72.533W, immediately west of the city of Port-au-Prince, and it is estimated that there was 80 km of fault rupture. The urban damage induced by this event is extreme, and current activities in Haiti are focused on humanitarian efforts. Nonetheless, a strike-slip Mw = 7 event that affects ground near the margins of a bay represents a common earthquake scenario in the US and throughout the world. This earthquake generated soil liquefaction and ground failure along the coastline and severely affected critical facilities, such as the country?s main port. It will also be important to understand how soil and geologic conditions influenced the damage patterns across the City of Port-au-Prince. Field reconnaissance will be focused on capturing perishable data, but we will also add some geotechnical characterization of the soils through: (1) examination of ejecta, (2) hand-held cone penetration tests, and (3) hand-carried equipment to measure shear wave velocities (Vs).The size and impact of this earthquake, as well as its relevance to earthquake design scenarios in the US, warrants the dispatch of a geotechnical reconnaissance team to document the geotechnical and engineering geology/seismology features of this earthquake. This project will fund a reconnaissance team to travel to Haiti to perform these tasks. The team will be coordinated through the Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Reconnaissance (GEER) Association and will work closely with the reconnaissance teams coordinated by other organizations such as the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) and the ASCE Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering (TCLEE). Extreme events engineering is an experience-driven field where immediately following the occurrence of an event (e.g., earthquake, tsunami, hurricane, landslide, or flood), perishable data that can be used to advance our understanding is systematically collected. Field observations are particularly important in the field of geo-engineering, because it is difficult to replicate in the laboratory soil deposits built by nature over thousands of years. Detailed mapping and surveying of damaged areas provides the data for well-documented case histories that drive the development of many of the design procedures used by engineers. Documenting and sharing the key lessons learned from major events around the world contributes significantly to advancing research and practice in engineering. After the Haiti field investigation is complete, observations and findings will be posted on the GEER website (http://www.geerassociation.org/). Images from the various investigators will also be posted on the website and visible through Google Earth

2010年1月12日，海地太子港地区发生里氏7.0级地震。地震震中位于北纬18.457°，西经72.533°，太子港市以西，预计断层破裂长度为80公里。 这一事件造成的城市破坏非常严重，目前海地的活动主要集中在人道主义努力上。 尽管如此，影响海湾边缘附近地面的走滑 Mw = 7 事件代表了美国和全世界的常见地震情景。 这次地震导致海岸线土壤液化和地面塌陷，严重影响了该国主要港口等关键设施。 了解土壤和地质条件如何影响太子港市的破坏模式也很重要。 现场勘察将侧重于捕获易腐烂的数据，但我们还将通过以下方式添加一些土壤的岩土特征：（1）喷射物检查，（2）手持式锥入度测试，以及（3）手持设备进行测量剪切波速度（Vs）。这次地震的规模和影响，以及它与美国地震设计方案的相关性，需要派遣一个岩土勘察队来记录岩土工程和本次地震的工程地质/地震学特征。 该项目将资助一支侦察队前往海地执行这些任务。 该团队将通过岩土地震工程勘察协会 (GEER) 进行协调，并将与地震工程研究所 (EERI) 和 ASCE 生命线地震工程技术委员会 (TCLEE) 等其他组织协调的勘察团队密切合作。 极端事件工程是一个经验驱动的领域，在事件（例如地震、海啸、飓风、山体滑坡或洪水）发生后立即系统地收集可用于增进我们的理解的易逝数据。现场观测在地球工程领域尤为重要，因为很难在实验室中复制大自然数千年来形成的土壤沉积物。受损区域的详细测绘和测量为详细记录的案例历史提供了数据，推动了工程师使用的许多设计程序的开发。 记录和分享从世界各地重大事件中汲取的重要经验教训对于推进工程研究和实践做出了重大贡献。 海地实地调查完成后，观察结果和调查结果将发布在 GEER 网站 (http://www.geerassociation.org/) 上。各个调查人员的图像也将发布在网站上，并可通过 Google 地球查看