The Invisible Wounds of War: An Ethnographic Investigation of Yup'ik combat veterans' problematic reintegrations into communities in southwestern Alaska

战争的无形创伤：对阿拉斯加西南部尤皮克退伍军人重返社区问题的民族志调查

• 批准号: 1023240
• 负责人: Linda Green
• 金额: $ 41.54万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1023240&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Invisible; Wounds; War; Ethnographic; Investigation

This research study is to understand how Yup'ik veterans from villages in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta of southwestern Alaska who face significant problems of access to services reintegrate into communities with the accompanying stresses of combat, that are only partially visible. This project is an ethnographic investigation with three key objectives: First, to grasp the human and social consequences of war on the lives of those Yup'ik community members who have served in combat in the US military. The study examines the multidimensional aspects of reintegration of Yup'ik solders into their communities from three eras; the Vietnam War, the First Gulf War, and the ongoing conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Secondly, the study explores how individual soldiers as well as their families make sense of, give meaning to, and cope with the partially visible wounds of war in their daily lives in the aftermath of combat. As such the investigator will explore the impact, both positively and negatively, of external forces and internal disruptive pressures on people's everyday lives and livelihoods and how these processes are understood. Thirdly, to gain an understanding under what circumstances Native veterans may or may not choose to seek help for their battle trauma; when and why do they choose to "go it alone" or to actively participate in medical care. In the context of this planned ethnographic research the investigator will explore to what extent and under what conditions kinship, community, and culture can be helpful in healing and contributing to successful reentry as these outcomes are reported by veterans, their families and their community.The central concern of this proposed research is to gain a long-term historical perspective on how people manage psychological and social trauma. As such this study focuses on how soldiers cope with coming home from combat -- from Vietnam to the present -- and places their experiences within a social milieu, one, like many aboriginal communities from Australia to the Circumpolar North struggle with devastating rates of suicide, interpersonal violence and substance abuse. The need for this research is pronounced. In the absence of substantial VA interventions in the researcher's perspective what is crucial is to investigate the kinds of issues families and communities face as they try to help in the reintegration process of veterans.Importantly, this study will contribute to an understanding of the kinds of problems Native veterans are facing, the effects on kin and families and the panoply of coping strategies that are utilized by communities. The data produced by this project will help community residents and leaders, as well as social service organizations responsible for assisting them to better understand the social needs that are crucial in helping veterans, kin and communities cope with this added layer of social stress, loss and trauma. Moreover this study by design includes Alaska Native residents/under-represented groups in the research planning and data collection process - including the innovative community-based Elders Advisory Councils. While the research will produce academic articles and a monograph, the findings will also be presented at scientific meetings and conferences. The summaries of the research will also be presented to local indigenous associations in Alaska, particularly in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, village tribal councils, the Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, the Veterans Administration in Bethel and Anchorage, The Alaskan Tribal Health Consortium. And in keeping with the Principles for the Conduct of Research in the Arctic the Principle Investigator will return to each village for public presentations of the research findings.

这项研究是为了了解来自阿拉斯加西南部育空地区的村庄中的Yup'ik退伍军人如何面临与伴随的战斗压力的社区重新融入社区的重大问题，这些问题仅部分可见。 该项目是民族志调查，具有三个关键目标：首先，掌握战争对那些在美军战斗中服役的Yup'ik社区成员的生活的人类和社会后果。该研究研究了Yup'ik焊料重新融合的多维方面，从三个时代转化为社区。越南战争，第一次海湾战争以及伊拉克和阿富汗的持续冲突。其次，该研究探讨了在战斗之后，单个士兵和家人如何理解，赋予意义，并应对日常生活中部分可见的战争伤口。因此，调查人员将对外部力量的积极和负面探索对人们的日常生活和生计以及如何理解这些过程的影响。第三，在什么情况下，本地退伍军人可能会选择或可能不会选择为其战斗创伤寻求帮助；他们何时以及为什么选择“独自一人”或积极参与医疗服务。在这项计划的民族志研究的背景下，研究者将探索在何种程度和条件下，亲属关系，社区和文化在什么程度上以及对成功的康复和贡献有助于成功的重新进入，因为这些成果的报道是退伍军人，他们的家人及其社区的报告。这项拟议的研究的核心关注点是对人们的长期历史观点，即人们如何管理人们的心理和社会特征。因此，本研究的重点是士兵如何应对从越南到现在的战斗回家 - 将他们的经验置于社会环境中，就像从澳大利亚到许多原住民社区到千古北部的土著社区，并以毁灭性的自杀，人际关系暴力和药物滥用的速度。这项研究的需求是明显的。 在研究人员的角度没有实质性的VA干预措施的情况下，至关重要的是，在试图帮助退伍军人的重新融入过程时，他们面临的各种问题面临。这项研究将有助于理解本地人对本地人的影响，对Kin和家庭的影响，并通过统一的策略来构成u U ucoring the companise conter tarkities of Un U u uce conte conters conter contranties。该项目产生的数据将帮助社区居民和领导者以及负责帮助他们更好地了解社会需求的社会服务组织，这些社会需求对于帮助退伍军人，亲戚和社区应对这一增加的社会压力，损失和创伤。此外，设计的这项研究包括研究计划和数据收集过程中的阿拉斯加土著居民/代表性不足的群体 - 包括创新的基于社区的长老咨询委员会。虽然研究将产生学术文章和专着，但这些发现也将在科学会议和会议上提出。这项研究的摘要还将介绍给阿拉斯加的当地土著协会，特别是在育空 - 库斯科克维姆三角洲，乡村部落委员会，育空地区 - 库斯科克维姆健康公司，伯特利的退伍军人管理局和安克雷奇的退伍军人管理局，阿拉斯加部落卫生协会。为了符合北极进行研究的原则，主要研究者将返回每个村庄进行研究结果的公开介绍。