Effect of Self-Control on Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior

自我控制对反社会和亲社会行为的影响

• 批准号: 1022615
• 负责人: Brad Bushman
• 金额: $ 33.1万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2011-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1022615&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effect; Self; Control; Antisocial; Prosocial

Blending theoretical perspectives from the aggression and self-control literatures, the proposed research sheds light on who is at risk for behaving antisocially, when antisocial behaviors are most likely to occur, and how metabolic, psychological, and hemodynamic processes help explain why people engage in antisocial behaviors. It also focuses on how to increase prosocial behavior. The proposed program of research to be conducted over the course of 5 laboratory studies is novel in several ways. First, it blends perspectives from two influential social psychological theoretical perspectives, namely the General Aggression Model and the limited resource model of self-control. The proposed research will provide the first integration of these perspectives in a single program of research. Second, it uses an extremely diverse methodological approach, including daily diary, experimental, quasi-experimental, and fMRI. Therefore, the proposed research will be able to provide converging empirical evidence that can impact researchers who use each of these diverse methods. Third, it provides the first examination of whether the capacity to override aggressive impulses relies on the same metabolic processes in humans and non-human animals.Findings from this work should be of interest to scholars from a broad range of disciplines who wish to understand how physical and mental self-control processes can decrease antisocial behavior and increase prosocial behavior. The project will also provide a unique, interdisciplinary training opportunity for two graduate students and many different undergraduate research assistants. The graduate student researchers will work closely with members of the senior research team, which will constitute a unique training experience in the use of multiple perspectives and methods. Finally, the proposed work will help lay people who have difficulty controlling their aggressive and selfish impulses. The investigators will give lectures that are open to members of the community and to people who are interested in applying the theoretical principles of effective self-control to reducing aggression and increasing prosocial behavior. Additional outreach will be provided to law enforcement agencies regarding how to prevent aggression and shooting of unarmed suspect.

拟议的研究从侵略性和自我控制文献中融合理论观点，阐明了谁面临反社会行为的风险，何时发生反社会行为，最有可能发生反社会行为，以及新陈代谢，心理和血液动力学过程如何帮助解释人们参与反性行为行为。它还关注如何增加亲社会行为。在5项实验室研究过程中，提出的研究计划在几种方面都是新颖的。首先，它从两个有影响力的社会心理理论观点（即一般侵略模型和自我控制的有限资源模型）融合了观点。拟议的研究将在单个研究计划中提供这些观点的首次整合。其次，它使用一种极其多样化的方法学方法，包括日记，实验性，准实验性和fMRI。因此，拟议的研究将能够提供融合的经验证据，这些证据可以影响使用每种不同方法的研究人员。第三，它提供了首次研究，即覆盖积极的冲动的能力是否依赖于人类和非人类动物的相同代谢过程。这项工作中的发现应该引起各种各样的学科的学者，他们希望了解身体和精神自我控制过程如何降低抗心社会行为，并提高无社会的行为。该项目还将为两位研究生和许多不同的本科研究助理提供独特的跨学科培训机会。研究生研究人员将与高级研究团队的成员紧密合作，这将构成在使用多种观点和方法方面的独特培训经验。最后，拟议的工作将帮助那些难以控制其侵略性和自私冲动的人。调查人员将向社区成员和有兴趣运用有效自我控制的理论原则的人进行讲座，以减少侵略性和增强亲社会行为。有关如何防止侵略和射击未武装的嫌疑人，将向执法机构提供额外的外展活动。